1. Nathan C. Nitric oxide as a secretory product of mammalian cells. FASEB J. 1992; 6:3051–3064.
Article
2. Knöferl MW, Diodato MD, Schwacha MG, Cioffi WG, Bland KI, Chaudry IH. Cyclooxygenase-2-mediated regulation of Kupffer cell interleukin-6 production following trauma-hemorrhage and subsequent sepsis. Shock. 2001; 16:479–483.
Article
3. Louis E, Franchimont D, Piron A, Gevaert Y, Schaaf-Lafontaine N, Roland S, Mahieu P, Malaise M, De Groote D, Louis R, Belaiche J. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) gene polymorphism influences TNF-α production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated whole blood cell culture in healthy humans. Clin Exp Immunol. 1998; 113:401–406.
Article
4. Simmons TL, Andrianasolo E, McPhail K, Flatt P, Gerwick WH. Marine natural products as anticancer drugs. Mol Cancer Ther. 2005; 4:333–342.
5. Sanjeewa KK, Kim EA, Son KT, Jeon YJ. Bioactive properties and potentials cosmeceutical applications of phlorotannins isolated from brown seaweeds: a review. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2016; 162:100–105.
Article
6. Wijesekara I, Pangestuti R, Kim SK. Biological activities and potential health benefits of sulfated polysaccharides derived from marine algae. Carbohydr Polym. 2011; 84:14–21.
Article
7. Wijesinghe WA, Jeon YJ. Enzyme-assistant extraction (EAE) of bioactive components: a useful approach for recovery of industrially important metabolites from seaweeds: a review. Fitoterapia. 2012; 83:6–12.
Article
8. Heo SJ, Jeon YJ, Lee JH, Kim HT, Lee KW. Antioxidant effect of enzymatic hydrolyzate from a Kelp, Ecklonia cava. Algae. 2003; 18:341–347.
Article
9. Pang SJ, Liu F, Shan TF, Gao SQ, Zhang ZH. Cultivation of the brown alga Sargassum horneri: sexual reproduction and seedling production in tank culture under reduced solar irradiance in ambient temperature. J Appl Phycol. 2009; 21:413–422.
Article
10. Liu L, Heinrich M, Myers S, Dworjanyn SA. Towards a better understanding of medicinal uses of the brown seaweed Sargassum in traditional Chinese medicine: a phytochemical and pharmacological review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 142:591–619.
Article
11. Preeprame S, Hayashi K, Lee JB, Sankawa U, Hayashi T. A novel antivirally active fucan sulfate derived from an edible brown alga, Sargassum horneri. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2001; 49:484–485.
Article
12. Shao P, Chen X, Sun P. Chemical characterization, antioxidant and antitumor activity of sulfated polysaccharide from Sargassum horneri. Carbohydr Polym. 2014; 105:260–269.
Article
13. Shao P, Chen X, Sun P. Improvement of antioxidant and moisture-preserving activities of Sargassum horneri polysaccharide enzymatic hydrolyzates. Int J Biol Macromol. 2015; 74:420–427.
Article
14. DuBois M, Gilles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith F. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem. 1956; 28:350–356.
Article
15. Chandler SF, Dodds JH. The effect of phosphate, nitrogen and sucrose on the production of phenolics and solasodine in callus cultures of solanum laciniatum. Plant Cell Rep. 1983; 2:205–208.
Article
16. Saito H, Yamagata T, Suzuki S. Enzymatic methods for the determination of small quantities of isomeric chondroitin sulfates. J Biol Chem. 1968; 243:1536–1542.
Article
17. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods. 1983; 65:55–63.
Article
18. Leiro J, Alvarez E, García D, Orallo F. Resveratrol modulates rat macrophage functions. Int Immunopharmacol. 2002; 2:767–774.
Article
19. Park JW, Choi YJ, Suh SI, Kwon TK. Involvement of ERK and protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling pathways in EGCG-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in Raw 264.7 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001; 286:721–725.
Article
20. Yang L, Zhang LM. Chemical structural and chain conformational characterization of some bioactive polysaccharides isolated from natural sources. Carbohydr Polym. 2009; 76:349–361.
Article
21. Patankar MS, Oehninger S, Barnett T, Williams RL, Clark GF. A revised structure for fucoidan may explain some of its biological activities. J Biol Chem. 1993; 268:21770–21776.
Article
22. Bernardi G, Springer GF. Properties of highly purified fucan. J Biol Chem. 1962; 237:75–80.
Article
23. Qiu X, Amarasekara A, Doctor V. Effect of oversulfation on the chemical and biological properties of fucoidan. Carbohydr Polym. 2006; 63:224–228.
Article
24. Wijesinghe WA, Athukorala Y, Jeon YJ. Effect of anticoagulative sulfated polysaccharide purified from enzyme-assistant extract of a brown seaweed Ecklonia cava on Wistar rats. Carbohydr Polym. 2011; 86:917–921.
Article
25. Gómez-Ordóñez E, Rupérez P. FTIR-ATR spectroscopy as a tool for polysaccharide identification in edible brown and red seaweeds. Food Hydrocoll. 2011; 25:1514–1520.
Article
26. Chen Y, Mao W, Gao Y, Teng X, Zhu W, Chen Y, Zhao C, Li N, Wang C, Yan M, Shan J, Lin C, Guo T. Structural elucidation of an extracellular polysaccharide produced by the marine fungus Aspergillus versicolor. Carbohydr Polym. 2013; 93:478–483.
Article
27. Bertolini A, Ottani A, Sandrini M. Dual acting anti-inflammatory drugs: a reappraisal. Pharmacol Res. 2001; 44:437–450.
Article
28. Tilg H, Wilmer A, Vogel W, Herold M, Nölchen B, Judmaier G, Huber C. Serum levels of cytokines in chronic liver diseases. Gastroenterology. 1992; 103:264–274.
Article
29. Sestini P, Armetti L, Gambaro G, Pieroni MG, Refini RM, Sala A, Vaghi A, Folco GC, Bianco S, Robuschi M. Inhaled PGE2 prevents aspirin-induced bronchoconstriction and urinary LTE4 excretion in aspirin-sensitive asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996; 153:572–575.
Article
30. Wijesinghe WA, Jeon YJ. Biological activities and potential industrial applications of fucose rich sulfated polysaccharides and fucoidans isolated from brown seaweeds: a review. Carbohydr Polym. 2012; 88:13–20.
Article
31. Park HY, Han MH, Park C, Jin CY, Kim GY, Choi IW, Kim ND, Nam TJ, Kwon TK, Choi YH. Anti-inflammatory effects of fucoidan through inhibition of NF-κB, MAPK and Akt activation in lipopolysaccharide-induced BV2 microglia cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011; 49:1745–1752.
Article
32. Wu GJ, Shiu SM, Hsieh MC, Tsai GJ. Anti-inflammatory activity of a sulfated polysaccharide from the brown alga Sargassum cristaefolium. Food Hydrocoll. 2016; 53:16–23.
Article
33. Posadas I, Terencio MC, Guillén I, Ferrándiz ML, Coloma J, Payá M, Alcaraz MJ. Co-regulation between cyclo-oxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the time-course of murine inflammation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2000; 361:98–106.
Article
34. Attur MG, Patel R, Thakker G, Vyas P, Levartovsky D, Patel P, Naqvi S, Raza R, Patel K, Abramson D, Bruno G, Abramson SB, Amin AR. Differential anti-inflammatory effects of immunosuppressive drugs: cyclosporin, rapamycin and FK-506 on inducible nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2 and PGE2 production. Inflamm Res. 2000; 49:20–26.
Article
35. Heo SJ, Yoon WJ, Kim KN, Ahn GN, Kang SM, Kang DH, Affan A, Oh C, Jung WK, Jeon YJ. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory effect of fucoxanthin isolated from brown algae in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010; 48:2045–2051.
Article
36. Tews DS, Goebel HH. Cytokine expression profile in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1996; 55:342–347.
Article
37. Jung WK, Ahn YW, Lee SH, Choi YH, Kim SK, Yea SS, Choi I, Park SG, Seo SK, Lee SW, Choi IW. Ecklonia cava ethanolic extracts inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in BV2 microglia via the MAP kinase and NF-κB pathways. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009; 47:410–417.
Article
38. Kang JS, Yoon YD, Lee KH, Park SK, Kim HM. Costunolide inhibits interleukin-1β expression by down-regulation of AP-1 and MAPK activity in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004; 313:171–177.
Article
39. Viatour P, Merville MP, Bours V, Chariot A. Phosphorylation of NF-κB and IκB proteins: implications in cancer and inflammation. Trends Biochem Sci. 2005; 30:43–52.
Article
40. Xiao YQ, Malcolm K, Worthen GS, Gardai S, Schiemann WP, Fadok VA, Bratton DL, Henson PM. Cross-talk between ERK and p38 MAPK mediates selective suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by transforming growth factor-β. J Biol Chem. 2002; 277:14884–14893.
Article
41. Aga M, Watters JJ, Pfeiffer ZA, Wiepz GJ, Sommer JA, Bertics PJ. Evidence for nucleotide receptor modulation of cross talk between MAP kinase and NF-κB signaling pathways in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2004; 286:C923–C930.
Article
42. DeFranco AL, Hambleton J, McMahon M, Weinstein SL. Examination of the role of MAP kinase in the response of macrophages to lipopolysaccharide. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1995; 392:407–420.
43. Mahtani KR, Brook M, Dean JL, Sully G, Saklatvala J, Clark AR. Mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 controls the expression and posttranslational modification of tristetraprolin, a regulator of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA stability. Mol Cell Biol. 2001; 21:6461–6469.
Article
44. Koistinaho M, Koistinaho J. Role of p38 and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases in microglia. Glia. 2002; 40:175–183.
Article
45. Tegeder I, Pfeilschifter J, Geisslinger G. Cyclooxygenase-independent actions of cyclooxygenase inhibitors. FASEB J. 2001; 15:2057–2072.
Article
46. Yang JW, Yoon SY, Oh SJ, Kim SK, Kang KW. Bifunctional effects of fucoidan on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006; 346:345–350.
Article
47. Ale MT, Mikkelsen JD, Meyer AS. Important determinants for fucoidan bioactivity: a critical review of structure-function relations and extraction methods for fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides from brown seaweeds. Mar Drugs. 2011; 9:2106–2130.
Article