Ann Dermatol.  2017 Feb;29(1):6-12. 10.5021/ad.2017.29.1.6.

Kinetin Improves Barrier Function of the Skin by Modulating Keratinocyte Differentiation Markers

• An S
• Cha HJ
• Ko JM
• Han H
• Kim SY
• Kim KS
• Lee SJ
• An IS
• Kim S
• Youn HJ
• Ahn KJ
• Kim SY

• KMID: 2368021
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5021/ad.2017.29.1.6

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Kinetin is a plant hormone that regulates growth and differentiation. Keratinocytes, the basic building blocks of the epidermis, function in maintaining the skin barrier.
OBJECTIVE
We examined whether kinetin induces skin barrier functions in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS
To evaluate the efficacy of kinetin at the cellular level, expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers was assessed. Moreover, we examined the clinical efficacy of kinetin by evaluating skin moisture, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin surface roughness in patients who used kinetin-containing cream. We performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to measure the expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers in HaCaT cells following treatment. A clinical trial was performed to assess skin moisture, TEWL, and evenness of skin texture in subjects who used kinetin-containing cream for 4 weeks.
RESULTS
Kinetin increased involucrin, and keratin 1 mRNA in HaCaT cells. Moreover, use of a kinetin-containing cream improved skin moisture and TEWL while decreasing roughness of skin texture.
CONCLUSION
Kinetin induced the expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers, suggesting that it may affect differentiation to improve skin moisture content, TEWL, and other signs of skin aging. Therefore, kinetin is a potential new component for use in cosmetics as an anti-aging agent that improves the barrier function of skin.

Keyword

Cell culture techniques; Differentiation; Keratinocytes; Kinetin; Skin barrier

MeSH Terms

Antigens, Differentiation*
Cell Culture Techniques
Epidermis
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
Keratin-1
Keratinocytes*
Kinetin*
Plants
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger
Skin Aging
Skin*
Treatment Outcome
Water
Antigens, Differentiation
Keratin-1
Kinetin
RNA, Messenger
Water

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Cytotoxicity of kinetin in HaCaT keratinocytes. HaCaT keratinocytes were treated with kinetin at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. The results are representative of three independent experiments (mean±standard deviation are shown). *p<0.05 and **p<0.001 as determined by the Student's t-test.

• 

  Fig. 2 The effect of kinetin on involucrin mRNA expression in HaCaT keratinocytes. Relative expression level of involucrin mRNA in CaCl2-treated (A) and CaCl2 plus kinetin-treated (B) HaCaT keratinocytes was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results are representative of three independent experiments (means±standard deviation are shown).

• 

  Fig. 3 The effect of kinetin on keratin 1 mRNA expression in HaCaT keratinocytes. Relative expression level of keratin 1 mRNA in CaCl2-treated (A) and CaCl2 plus kinetin-treated HaCaT keratinocytes was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results are representative of three independent experiments (means±standard deviation are shown).

• 

  Fig. 4 Improvement in skin moisture over time. Measurements were taken three times, namely before application and after 2 and 4 weeks of application. To evaluate improvement in skin moisture, DermaLab USB moisture probe was applied and data were analyzed using the associated software application version 1.09. *p<0.001 as determined by the Student's t-test.

• 

  Fig. 5 Percentage of improvement in transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Measurements were taken three times, namely, before application and after 2 and 4 weeks of use. *p<0.01 and **p< 0.001 as determined by the Student's t-test.

• 

  Fig. 6 Percentage of improvement in rates of skin roughness. Evenness of the skin surface was measured by PRIMOS Lite. Measurements were taken three times, namely, before application, and after 2 and 4 weeks of use. The captured images were analyzed using the associated imaging software PRIMOS Lite version 5.6E. *p<0.001 as determined by the Student's t-test.

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