Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr.  2017 Jun;20(2):71-78. 10.5223/pghn.2017.20.2.71.

Nutritional Counseling for Obese Children with Obesity-Related Metabolic Abnormalities in Korea

• Kang KS

• KMID: 2384819
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5223/pghn.2017.20.2.71

Abstract

Child obesity has become a significant health issue in Korea. Prevalence of obesity in school-age children in Korea has been alarmingly rising since 2008. Prevalence of obesity among infants and preschool-age children in Korea has doubled since 2008. Obese children may develop serious health complications. Before nutritional counseling is pursued, several points should be initially considered. The points are modifiable risk factors, assessment for child obesity, and principles of treatment. Motivational interviewing and a multidisciplinary team approach are key principles to consider in managing child obesity effectively in the short-term as well as long-term. Nutritional counseling begins with maintaining a daily log of food and drink intake, which could possibly be causing obesity in a child. Several effective tools for nutritional counseling in practice are the Traffic Light Diet plan, MyPlate, Food Balance Wheel, and "˜Food Exchange Table'. Detailed nutritional counseling supported by a qualified dietitian is an art of medicine enabling insulin therapy and hypoglycemic agents to effectively manage diabetes mellitus in obese children.

Keyword

Obesity; Child; Prevalence; Nutrition; Counseling

MeSH Terms

Child*
Counseling*
Diabetes Mellitus
Diet
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents
Infant
Insulin
Korea*
Motivational Interviewing
Nutritionists
Obesity
Pediatric Obesity
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Hypoglycemic Agents
Insulin

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Obesity prevalence of school-age children in Korea. Obesity prevalence of school-age children in Korea is steadily rising from 8.4% in 2008 to 14.3% in 2016 [4].

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  Fig. 2 Obesity prevalence of preschool-age children in Korea. Obesity prevalence of infants and preschool-age children in Korea was 2.8% in 2015, double the rate compared to 1.4% in 2008 [5].

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  Fig. 3 Multidisciplinary team for the treatment of obese children. The team includes obesity professionals, school and local education board, preventive medicine, public health office, media, and authorities for an obesity plan. Obesity professionals are physician, psychiatrist, dietitian, physical activity trainer, coordinator, and clinical psychologist.

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  Fig. 4 Food Balance Wheels. Foods can be classified into 6 groups including grains, meat-fish-egg-bean, vegetables, fruits, milk-dairy, and oil-sugar group. Adapted from Ministry of Health and Welfare, The Korean Nutrition Society. Dietary reference intakes for Koreans 2015 [25].

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