J Nutr Health.  2019 Feb;52(1):6-16. 10.4163/jnh.2019.52.1.6.

Effect of Sulgidduk containing pine needle juice on lipid metabolism in high fat-cholesterol diet induced dyslipidemic rats

• Lee Y
• Park JH
• Park E

• KMID: 2466678
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2019.52.1.6

Abstract

PURPOSE
Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Pine needles (Pinus densiflora seib et Zucc) are a traditional medicine used to treat dyslipidemia in clinical settings. This study examined the potential effects of sulgidduk, a Korean traditional rice cake containing pine needle juice to protect against dyslipidemia induced by a high-fat/sugidduk diet in a rat model.
METHODS
Twenty one male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into three groups: normal control (NC), Sulgidduk diet (SD), Sulgidduk diet containing pine needle juice (PSD). The blood lipid levels, production of lipid peroxide in the plasma and liver, total cholesterol and triglyceride in the liver and feces, antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma and erythrocytes were measured to assess the effects of PSD on dyslipidemia.
RESULTS
A high-fat/Sulgidduk diet induced dyslipidemia, which was characterized by significantly altered lipid profiles in the plasma and liver. The food intake was similar in the three groups, but weight gain and food efficiency ratio (FER) were reduced significantly in the PSD group compared to those in the SD group. The level of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and TBARS in the plasma showed tendencies to decrease in the PSD group compared to those in the SD group. The levels of high-fat/Sulgidduk diet-induced sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) gene expression were reduced significantly in the PSD group. The supplementation of PSD reduced the hepatic triglyceride and total cholesterol levels significantly, and enhanced the fecal excretion of triglyceride and hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities compared to the SD group.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that the addition of 0.4% pine needle juice to Sulgidduk may be an alternative snack to control dyslipidemia.

Keyword

pine needle juice; sulgidduk; dyslipidemia; SREBP2; hepatic lipid profile

MeSH Terms

Animals
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cholesterol
Diet*
Dyslipidemias
Eating
Erythrocytes
Feces
Gene Expression
Humans
Lipid Metabolism*
Liver
Male
Medicine, Traditional
Models, Animal
Needles*
Plasma
Rats*
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Risk Factors
Snacks
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
Triglycerides
Weight Gain
Cholesterol
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Effect of Sulgidduk containing pine needle juice on liver weight (A), liver triglyceride (B), liver total cholesterol (C), and fecal triglyceride (D) in rats fed a high fat diet. Each bar represents the mean ± SE. Bars with different superscript letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test. ND, normal diet; SD, Sulgidduk diet; PSD, Sulgidduk diet containing pine needle juice

• 

  Fig. 2 Effect of Sulgidduk containing pine needle juice on hepatic mRNA levels of SREBP2 genes in rats. Each bar represents the mean ± SE. Bars with different letters are significantly different at p < 0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test. ND, normal diet; SD, Sulgidduk diet; PSD, Sulgidduk diet containing pine needle juice

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