An Analysis of Related Factors and Nutrients Intake Affecting Bone Mineral Density of College Women in Daegu Area

Kim, Jung Mi

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine bone mineral density and factors which effect on bone mineral density such as daily nutrients intake, age, menarch age and physical condition among healthy female college students in Daegu area from April 20, to May 20, 2004. 1. Average age was 20.5+/-0.96 years old, average height was 160.9+/-4.30cm, and average weight was 55.9+/-7.67kg. Body mass index was 21.6+/-2.91kg/m2, body fat was 25.6+/-5.79%, menarche age was average 12.5+/-1.1 years old and WHR(waist/hip circumference ratio) was 0.8+/-0.01cm/cm. 2. Average level of bone mineral density(T-score -0.56+/-0.91) was in normal range. But, 11 persons(24.4%) are over T-score -1.0, 33 persons(73.4%) were within -1.0 ~ -2.5 and one person(2.2%) was under -2.5. It is very anxious level for Osteopenia-low bone mass, as research result shows 73.4% of the subject of examine on the level of Osteopenia. 3. Daily calorie intake was 2,550kcal and each nutrient intake, compared to the seventh recommended dietary allowances for korean, was as follows ; Calorie 112%, protein 123%, calcium 78%, phosphorus 137%, iron 68%, vitamin A 101%, vitamin B1 141%, vitamin B2 95%, niacin 107%, vitamin C 128% and zinc 120%. The ratio of calcium to phosphorus(Ca/P) is 0.66, low compared to RDA, but phosphorus intake is so high compared to RDA that precautions should be taken. The ratio of calcium to protein(Ca/Protein) is 8.55. 4. Menarche age and bone mineral density of calcaneus showed positive correlation and body mass index(BMI) indicated positive correlation. Age, height, weight. WHR and physical activity coefficient all do not indicate any significant correlation with bone mineral density. 5. Intake of Calorie, Ca, Ca/p ratio, carbohydrate and fat intake were positively correlated and, protein was negatively correlated, and Fe, Na, P and cholesterol were negatively correlated with BMD. These results indicate that average bone mineral density of subjects was in normal range, but subjects in the stage of osteopenia-low bone mass are many and bad effects are expected to have on their bone mineral density after menopause. Therefore, in order reach maximal bone mineral density, they should improve the balance between calcium and phosphorus and reduce salt intake. And it is thought that education and profound studies on relevant factors affecting the genesis of bone mineral density should be made.