Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg.  2014 Apr;57(4):207-213. 10.3342/kjorl-hns.2014.57.4.207.

Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rhinologic Fields

• Cho KS

• KMID: 1978140
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2014.57.4.207

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells which are present in a variety of adult tissues and reside in essentially all post-natal organs and tissues. MSCs represent an important stem cell population with multi-potent capabilities which may have high utility for translational clinical applications. MSCs can be isolated from a number of adult tissues and differentiate into several mesenchymal lineages both in vitro and in vivo, such as bone, cartilage, adipose tissue, and muscle. Because of their capacities of differentiation, MSCs have emerged as a promising source for therapeutic applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In addition to their multi-lineage potential, MSCs have been shown to possess the unique ability to suppress immune response and modulate inflammation. MSCs can inhibit natural killer cell function, modulate dendritic cell maturation, and suppress the allogeneic T-cell response by alternating the cytokine secretion profile of dendritic cells and T-cells induced by an allogeneic immune reaction. Therefore, MSCs have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases. In this article, I review recent experimental data and discuss about the application of MSCs in rhinologic fields.

Keyword

Allergic rhinitis; Asthma; Immunosuppression; Mesechymal stem cells; Nasal polyps; Nerve regeneration; Olfaction disorders; Respiratory mucosa

MeSH Terms

Adipose Tissue
Adult
Adult Stem Cells
Asthma
Cartilage
Dendritic Cells
Humans
Immunosuppression
Inflammation
Killer Cells, Natural
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
Nasal Polyps
Nerve Regeneration
Olfaction Disorders
Regenerative Medicine
Respiratory Mucosa
Stem Cells
T-Lymphocytes
Tissue Engineering