1. Seminara SB, Hayes FJ, Crowley WF Jr. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency in the human (idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and Kallmann's syndrome): pathophysiological and genetic considerations. Endocr Rev. 1998; 19:521–539.
Article
2. Silveira LF, Latronico AC. Approach to the patient with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013; 98:1781–1788.
Article
3. Buck C, Balasubramanian R, Crowley WF Jr. Isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency. In : Pagon RA, Adam MP, Ardinger HH, editors. GeneReviews®. Seattle: University of Washington;1993.
4. Cueto-Manzano AM, Freemont AJ, Adams JE, et al. Association of sex hormone status with the bone loss of renal transplant patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001; 16:1245–1250.
Article
5. Gennari L, Merlotti D, Martini G, et al. Longitudinal association between sex hormone levels, bone loss, and bone turnover in elderly men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003; 88:5327–5333.
Article
6. Bakhtiyarova S, Lesnyak O, Kyznesova N, et al. Vitamin D status among patients with hip fracture and elderly control subjects in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Osteoporos Int. 2006; 17:441–446.
Article
7. Greenspan SL, Greenspan FS. The effect of thyroid hormone on skeletal integrity. Ann Intern Med. 1999; 130:750–758.
Article
8. Larsen ER, Mosekilde L, Foldspang A. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation prevents osteoporotic fractures in elderly community dwelling residents: a pragmatic population-based 3-year intervention study. J Bone Miner Res. 2004; 19:370–378.
Article
9. Tritos NA, Greenspan SL, King D, et al. Unreplaced sex steroid deficiency, corticotropin deficiency, and lower IGF-I are associated with lower bone mineral density in adults with growth hormone deficiency: a KIMS database analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011; 96:1516–1523.
Article
10. Passeri E, Bonomi M, Dangelo F, et al. Wasting syndrome with deep bradycardia as presenting manifestation of long-standing severe male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a case series. BMC Endocr Disord. 2014; 14:78.
Article
11. Bolanowski M, Halupczok J, Jawiarczyk-Przybylowska A. Pituitary disorders and osteoporosis. Int J Endocrinol. 2015; 2015:206853.
Article
12. Venken K, Callewaert F, Boonen S, et al. Sex hormones, their receptors and bone health. Osteoporos Int. 2008; 19:1517–1525.
Article
13. Kim SH. Testosterone replacement therapy and bone mineral density in men with hypogonadism. Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 29:30–32.
Article
14. Lee MJ, Ryu HK, An SY, et al. Testosterone replacement and bone mineral density in male pituitary tumor patients. Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 29:48–53.
Article
15. Song HR, Kweon SS, Choi JS, et al. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adults aged 50 years and older in Gwangju, Korea: the Dong-gu Study. J Korean Med Sci. 2014; 29:149–152.
Article
16. Krishnamurthy GT, Blahd WH. Case reports. Hyperthyroidism in the presence of panhypopituitarism. Thyroid crisis and hypothyroidism following radioiodine treatment. West J Med. 1974; 120:491–496.
17. Wada S, Kurihara S, Imamaki K, et al. Hypercalcemia accompanied by hypothalamic hypopituitarism, central diabetes inspidus and hyperthyroidism. Intern Med. 1999; 38:486–490.
Article
18. Arpaci D, Cuhaci N, Saglam F, et al. Sheehan's syndrome co-existing with Graves' disease. Niger J Clin Pract. 2014; 17:662–665.
Article
19. Lewandowski KC, Marcinkowska M, Skowrońska-Jóźwiak E, et al. New onset Grave's disease as a cause of an adrenal crisis in an individual with panhypopituitarism: brief report. Thyroid Res. 2008; 1:7.
Article
20. Foppiani L, Ruelle A, Cavazzani P, et al. Hyperthyroidism unmasked several years after the medical and radiosurgical treatment of an invasive macroprolactinoma inducing hypopituitarism: a case report. Cases J. 2009; 2:6449.
Article