J Vet Sci.  2014 Sep;15(3):443-447. 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.3.443.

Dietary germanium biotite supplementation enhances the induction of antibody responses to foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine in pigs

• Lee JA
• Jung BG
• Jung M
• Kim TH
• Yoo HS
• Lee BJ

• KMID: 2155630
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2014.15.3.443

Abstract

We evaluated the potential ability of germanium biotite (GB) to stimulate the production of antibodies specific for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). To this aim, we measured the total FMDV-specific antibody responses and IgM production after vaccination against FMD both experimentally and in the field. GB supplementation with FMDV vaccination stimulated the production of anti-FMDV antibodies, and effectively increased IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha levels. These results suggest that GB may be a novel alternative feed supplement that can serve as a boosting agent and an immunostimulator for increasing the efficacy of FMDV vaccination in pigs.

Keyword

adjuvant-like effect; foot-and-mouth disease virus; germanium biotite

MeSH Terms

Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use
Aluminum Silicates/*therapeutic use
Animals
Antibodies, Viral/*immunology
Antibody Formation/drug effects
*Dietary Supplements
Ferrous Compounds/*therapeutic use
Foot-and-Mouth Disease/*immunology/prevention & control
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/immunology
Germanium/*therapeutic use
Swine
Swine Diseases/immunology/prevention & control/*virology
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Aluminum Silicates
Antibodies, Viral
Ferrous Compounds
Germanium

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Effects of GB supplementation on total FMDV-specific antibody and IgM production after vaccination against FMDV. Blood samples were collected from each pig in the experimental and field studies after FMDV vaccination. The levels of total FMDV-specific antibody (A) and IgM (B) were significantly increased in the 3% GB-supplemented group compared to the control group in the experimental study (*p < 0.05). (C) Total anti-FMDV antibody levels were also markedly increased (**p < 0.01) and maintained until 4 weeks post-vaccination in the field study.

• 

  Fig. 2 Effects of GB supplementation on the expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β mRNA in lymphocytes. The relative mRNA levels of (A) IFN-γ, (B) TNF-α, and (C) IL-1β in pig lymphocytes were measured using real-time PCR. IFN-γ mRNA expression was significantly increased in the 3% GB-supplemented group compared to the control group (*p < 0.05) after FMDV vaccination. The level of TNF-α mRNA was also increased but not significantly in the experimental animals.

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