Infect Chemother.  2007 Apr;39(2):65-70.

Impact of Piperacillin/Tazobactam Use to Intestinal Colonization of Extended- spectrum-lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae

• Shin HJ
• Jang YS
• Seo MR
• Pai HJ
• Ahn MJ
• Lee YY
• Choi TY

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Being able to hydrolyze the majority of b-lactam antibiotics that are currently in use, extended-spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs) pose a serious clinical problem. In order to solve this problem, it is recommended to use beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor instead of extended-spectrum cephalosporins. This study investigated the relationship between piperacillin/tazobactam use and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in stool colony.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A prospective study was performed in hemato-oncology department patients of Hanyang University Hospital. During the pre-intervention period of 3 months (Feb. 2005 to Apr. 2005), antibiotics were prescribed liberally. During the intervention period of 6 months (May. 2005 to Oct. 2005), use of the 3rd (4th) generation cephalosporins and carbapenems were restricted and piperacillin/tazobactam was recommended. All enrolled patients performed stool culture or rectal swab culture. ESBL confirmed by Double disk synergy test and commercial identification kit. Between the pre-intervention and intervention groups, acquisition rates of ESBL producing organisms were compared.
RESULTS
50 cases were enrolled in pre-intervention period and 112 cases were enrolled in intervention period. In intervention period, use of 3rd (4th) generation cephalosporins and carbapenems decreased from 27 daily define dose/1,000patient/days to 6.82 DDD/1,000patient/days, but use of piperacillin/tazobactam increased from 1.98 DDD/1,000patient/days to 5.66 DDD/1,000patient/days. The intestinal acquisition rate of ESBL producing organism decreased from 30% to 12%. There was no difference in overall mortality of infectious disease between two phase.
CONCLUSION
Use of piperacillin/tazobactam instead of extended-spectrum cephalosporins reduces intestinal acquisition rate of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli. Therefore, in order to decrease the number of ESBL producing organism, we recommend using piperacillin/tazobactam instead of using extended-spectrum cephalosporins.

Keyword

Piperacillin/tazobactam; Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase; Antimicrobial drug resistance; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Escherichia coli

MeSH Terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins
Colon*
Communicable Diseases
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Escherichia coli*
Escherichia*
Humans
Klebsiella pneumoniae*
Klebsiella*
Mortality
Pneumonia
Prospective Studies
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Carbapenems
Cephalosporins