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Culture-Positive Spontaneous Ascitic Infection in Patients with Acute Decompensated Cirrhosis: Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens and Antibiotic Strategies

Liu J, Gao Y, Wang X, Qian Z, Chen J, Huang Y, Meng Z, Lu X, Deng G, Liu F, Zhang Z, Li H, Zheng X

PURPOSE: This study investigated multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and antibiotic strategies of culture-positive spontaneous ascitic infection (SAI) in patients with acute decompensated cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 432 acute decompensated...
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Dissemination of Carbapenem-Resistance among Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa carrying Metallo-Beta-Lactamase Genes, including the Novel bla(IMP-65) Gene in Thailand

Khuntayaporn P, Yamprayoonswat W, Yasawong M, Chomnawang MT

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered as one of the most emerging threats in this century. Serious infections caused by this pathogen are often treated by carbapenems which are the last...
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Anaerobic Bacterial Clinical Isolates From 2014 to 2016, Including Recently Named or Renamed Species

Byun JH, Kim M, Lee Y, Lee K, Chong Y

BACKGROUND: Anaerobic bacterial resistance trends may vary across regions or institutions. Regional susceptibility patterns are pivotal in the empirical treatment of anaerobic infections. We determined the antimicrobial resistance patterns of...
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Multidrug-Resistant, Gram-Negative Bacteria in Hospitalized Elderly Patients from Non-Hospital Long-Term Care Facilities

Kim M, Shin J, Jeong Y, Cho J, Choi JP

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated the risk of multidrug-resistant, gram-negative bacteria (MDRGNB) in hospitalized elderly patients from non-hospital long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and the antibiotic prescription pattern. METHODS: All clinical cultures obtained within...
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Failure of Ciprofloxacin Therapy in the Treatment of Community-Acquired Acute Pyelonephritis caused by In-Vitro Susceptible Escherichia coli Strain Producing CTX-Type Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase

Seok H, Cha MK, Kang CI, Cho SY, Kim SH, Ha YE, Chung DR, Peck KR, Song JH

While carbapenems are the drug of choice to treat extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains, some alternative carbapenem-sparing regimens are suggested for antibiotic stewardship. We experienced a case of ciprofloxacin treatment failure for...
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The Infinity War: How to Cope with Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Yoo JH

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are now spread worldwide. In Korea, the number of CRE isolation is rapidly increasing, and impending endemicity is a concern. To cope well with CRE, thorough infection...
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Management of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii epidemic in an intensive care unit using multifaceted intervention strategy

Hong J, Jang OJ, Bak MH, Baek EH, Park KH, Hong SI, Cho OH, Bae IG

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We evaluated the effects of a multifaceted intervention for controlling a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) epidemic in an intensive care unit (ICU) with no restrictions on carbapenem use. METHODS: This...
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Epidemiology and treatment of antimicrobialresistant gram-negative bacteria in Korea

Kim YA, Park YS

Antimicrobial resistance is becoming one of the greatest challenges to public health worldwide. Infections by antimicrobial-resistant organisms could result in the failure of treatment, increased medical costs, prolonged hospital stays,...
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Management of Antibiotic-Resistant Acute Pyelonephritis

Lee HN, Yoon H

Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a common urinary tract infection that affects a large proportion of women. Although antimicrobial therapy is a successful treatment in most cases, empirically, antibiotic resistance has...
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Clinical Significance of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Bacteria in First Pediatric Febrile Urinary Tract Infections and Differences between Age Groups

Park SY, Kim JH

PURPOSE: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria-induced urinary tract infections are increasing and require more potent antibiotics such as carbapenems. We evaluated the clinical significance of extended-spectrum β-lactamase urinary tract infection in children...
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Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Enterobacteriaceae in Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections during a 5-year Period: A Single Hospital Study in Korea

Park JJ, Seo YB, Lee J

BACKGROUND: Through investigating antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Enterobacteriaceae in community-acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTI), we provide basic evidence for the use of empirical antibiotics in CA-UTI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively...
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Prospective study analyzing risk factors and characteristics of healthcare-associated infections in a Urology ward

Medina-Polo J, Sopeña-Sutil R, Benítez-Sala R, Lara-Isla , Alonso-Isa M, Gil-Moradillo J, Justo-Quintas J, García-Rojo E, González-Padilla DA, Passas-Martínez JB, Tejido-Sánchez A

PURPOSE: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in urological patients have special features due to specific risk factors. Our objective was to evaluate the characteristics and risk factors for HAIs in patients hospitalized...
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Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Urological Surgery

Yamamoto S, Shigemura , Kiyota H, Arakawa S, Japanese Research Group for UTI

Surgical site infection (SSI) is defined as an infection occurring within one month from surgery or intervention. SSIs are classified into three categories: Clean, clean-contaminated, and contaminated. They are defined...
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Use of Non-carbapenem Antibiotics in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection Caused by Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

Seo YB, Kim YK, Lee J, Song W

BACKGROUND: Alternatives to carbapenem are increasingly needed to decrease the usage of carbapenem. We evaluated the possibility of using non-carbapenem antibiotics against urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing...
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Surveillance of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae Carriage in a Japanese Intensive Care Unit: a Retrospective Analysis

Kawano Y, Nishida T, Togawa A, Irie Y, Hoshino K, Matsumoto , Ishikura H

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of surveillance to identify extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) carriers is controversial during a non-outbreak situation. We performed additional stool cultures for ESBL-E among intensive care unit (ICU)...
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A 5-year Surveillance Study on Antimicrobial Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Greek Hospital

Maraki S, Mantadakis E, Mavromanolaki VE, Kofteridis DP, Samonis G

BACKGROUND: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a major cause of nosocomial outbreaks. It is particularly associated with nosocomial pneumonia and bloodstream infections in immunocompromised and debilitated patients with serious underlying...
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Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: Prevalence and Risk Factors in a Single Community-Based Hospital in Korea

Lee HJ, Choi JK, Cho SY, Kim SH, Park SH, Choi SM, Lee DG, Choi JH, Yoo JH

BACKGROUND: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are Gram-negative bacteria with increasing prevalence of infection worldwide. In Korea, 25 cases of CPE isolates were reported by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and...
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Extended-spectrum ß-Lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae as a Common Cause of Urinary Tract Infections in Sri Lanka

Tillekeratne LG, Vidanagama D, Tippalagama R, Lewkebandara R, Joyce M, Nicholson , Nagahawatte A, Bodinayake CK, De Silva A, Woods CW

BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are increasingly reported as pathogens in urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, in Sri Lanka, the clinical and molecular epidemiology of ESBL-PE implicated in UTIs has...
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Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance of RAPIDEC CARBA NP Test for Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae

Song W, Yoo G, Hwang GY, Uh Y

BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae are resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics except carbapenems. In recent years, infrequently isolated Enterobacteriaceae that produce carbapenemase pose a serious threat in the selection of...
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Antibiotic Resistance and Novel Antibiotics for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections

Wagenlehner F

Surveillance data on antibiotic resistance need to be considered with respect to the origin of isolates, types of surveillance studies, and types of types of registered infections. Antibiotic resistance in...
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