Korean J Intern Med.  2017 Jan;32(1):137-145. 10.3904/kjim.2014.160.

Relationship between serum IgA level and allergy/asthma

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Allergy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Graduate School and Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Gwangju, Korea. ischoi@chonnam.ac.kr

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) may prevent the entrance of allergens. This study examined the relationship between serum IgA levels (within the normal range) and sensitization to house dust mites (HDM) or airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR).
METHODS
The clinical records of 1,136 adult patients with suspected asthma, for whom test data for serum IgA level and methacholine-AHR were available, were reviewed retrospectively. The AHR/allergy indices were compared among patient groups with low (<140 mg/dL, group I), intermediate (140 to 280 mg/dL, group II), or high (≥280 mg/dL, group III) IgA levels in serum.
RESULTS
The HDM skin sensitization rate progressively decreased from 30.0% in group I (n = 139) to 26.8% and 18.5% in groups II (n = 684) and III (n = 313), respectively (p = 0.003). Although both the HDM sensitization degree and the IgA level were significantly related to age, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of association of a high IgA level (≥ 280 mg/dL) with HDM sensitization was significant (0.617; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.415 to 0.916; p = 0.017). Among younger subjects (≤ 45 years of age) with AHR, the prevalence of moderate/severe AHR progressively decreased (70.6%, 52.3%, and 47.1% in groups I, II, and III [n = 34, 149, and 51]), respectively (p = 0.045). The IgA < 140 mg/dL was a significant risk factor for moderate/severe AHR (OR, 2.306; 95% CI, 1.049 to 5.071; p = 0.038).
CONCLUSIONS
Sensitization to HDM and methacholine-AHR were significantly associated with serum IgA levels in suspected asthmatics, even when those levels were normal.

Keyword

Asthma; Hyper-responsiveness; Immunoglobulin A; Sensitization

MeSH Terms

Adult
Allergens
Asthma
Humans
Immunoglobulin A*
Odds Ratio
Prevalence
Pyroglyphidae
Respiratory Hypersensitivity
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Skin
Allergens
Immunoglobulin A
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