Electrolyte Blood Press.  2014 Dec;12(2):55-65. 10.5049/EBP.2014.12.2.55.

Cisplatin-induced Kidney Dysfunction and Perspectives on Improving Treatment Strategies

• Oh GS
• Kim HJ
• Shen A
• Lee SB
• Khadka D
• Pandit A
• So HS

• KMID: 2052332
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5049/EBP.2014.12.2.55

Abstract

Cisplatin is one of the most widely used and highly effective drug for the treatment of various solid tumors; however, it has dose-dependent side effects on the kidney, cochlear, and nerves. Nephrotoxicity is the most well-known and clinically important toxicity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that several mechanisms, including oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammatory responses, are closely associated with cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Even though the establishment of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity can be alleviated by diuretics and pre-hydration of patients, the prevalence of cisplatin nephrotoxicity is still high, occurring in approximately one-third of patients who have undergone cisplatin therapy. Therefore it is imperative to develop treatments that will ameliorate cisplatin-nephrotoxicity. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of cisplatin-induced renal toxicity and the new strategies for protecting the kidneys from the toxic effects without lowering the tumoricidal activity.

Keyword

Cisplatin; Chemotherapy; Nephrotoxicity; NAD+

MeSH Terms

Cisplatin
Diuretics
DNA Damage
Drug Therapy
Humans
Kidney*
Oxidative Stress
Prevalence
Cisplatin
Diuretics