J Korean Assoc Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg.  2000 Nov;22(6):614-628.

An experimental study on healing effect of the pdgf treated allogeneic demineralized freeze-dried bone transplanted in the calvarial defect of the rat

• Shin JW

Abstract

After 1668, Van Meek'ren report the first case of bone graft, bone graft is one of the common procedures that Oral and Maxillofacial surgeons do routinely. The more bone grafting is performed, the more interest about bone graft materials and its substitutes, much study have been performed for bone graft materials and its substitutes for more better result such as lower antigenicity, more biocompatibility, and more osteogenic potential. Many kinds of growth factors influenced in grafted bone healing and regeneration. Growth factors are naturally synthesized polypeptide, stimulates much cellular activities, and work as a powerful biological mediator affecting cellular migration, mitosis, and matrix synthesis. Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Epithelial Growth Factor (EGF), Transforming Growth Factor (TGF), Insulinelike Growth Factor (IGF) are well known representative growth factors. PDGF accelerate DNA synthesis of fibroblast, Lynch repoted that combination with IGF-1 increase osteogenesis in vivo study, Hyun reported that simultatious DFDB graft with PDGF-BB increase total osteogenesis and accelerates healing process, too. But, Clinical usages of PDGF have much disturbance such as stability, safety, and unreliable pharmachokinetics. Arm et al reported, osteogenesis with the controlled release PDGF carrid by porous hydroxyappatite in vivo and vitro studies. If PDGF-BB treated DFDB which commonly are used clinically, are implated , it may be get superior results and easier handling by controlled release. This study was designed to find out the effect of PDGF treated DFDB on healing. We made calvarial defects with 6mm diameter in 30 rats (Negative control group), and filled 15mg allogenic DFDB into the calvarial defect with 6mm diameter in 30 rats (Control group), and filled 15mg PDGF treated allogenic DFDB (in saturation of 200ng PDGF-BB/15mg DFDB) into the calvarial defect with 6mm diameter in 30 rats (Experimental group), then sacrificed them and removed the previously- operated area involving the whole defect at the date of postoperative 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks. The removed specimens were stained with H&E then, histologic analysis under the light microscope and mechanical analysis via punch-out test was carried out. So, we got the results followed by 1) In every group of calvarial defect, the amount of new bone formation was increased as the time being. 2) In Experimental group and Control group, bridging images connecting both cutting edges of calvarial defects were observed. but in Negative control group, bridging images connecting both cutting edges of calvarial defects were not observed until 6 weeks after operation. 3) The largest amount of newly formed bone was observed in Experimental group, less in Control group and the least in Negative control group after experiment. 4) In the mechanical analysis, there is statically significant increase of bony strength between Control and Experimental group, at 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, but there is no statically significant difference among the groups at 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks. though the increasing pattern were observed. From the above results, it is suggested that PDGF treated DFDB promote more new bone formation transplanted in bone defect area and allogenic DFDB can be a carrier of PDGF in delivery system.

MeSH Terms

Animals
Arm
Bone Transplantation
DNA
Fibroblasts
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Mitosis
Osteogenesis
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
Rats*
Regeneration
Transforming Growth Factors
Transplants
DNA
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
Transforming Growth Factors