Korean J Dermatol.
1993 Jun;31(3):305-311.
Clinical Features and provocation tests of vitamin K1 dermatitis
Abstract
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BACKGROUND: Two types of local reactions due to cutaneous administration of vitamin K. eczematoid, and indurated pilaque and localized scleroderma, have been described. In the acute phase, a generalized maculopapular eruption (Id reation) may accompany either reaction. Liver disease has been reported with vitamir K hypersensitivity but the mechanism of vitamin K dermatitis is unknown.
OBJECTIVE
& MEHTODS: In 10 of vitamin K dermatitis patients, we studied the clinical features, histopathologic findings, and provocation tests (patch test & intrader nal test).
RESULTS
1. All patients had localized erythematous plaque but none had sclerodermoid skin eruption. Four patients were associated with Id reaction. 2. The onsets of eruptions after initial injection of vitamin K were within one week (one case), 2 to 3weeks(seven cases), or 3 weeks (two cases), and the doses of administered vitamin K were between 30 and 310 mg. 3. Four had liver diseases and 5 had blood eosinophilia. 4. Of 7 patients who had patch-and intradermal test, intradermal test showed all positive at either day 2 or day 4 but patch test were all negative. 5. The histopathologic findings of all the cases showed perivascuiiar and diffuse infiltrations of numeroas osinophils and mononuclear cells and one case showed panniulitis.
CONCLUSION
The cell-mediated immune reaction may play a role on the pathogenesis of vitamin K, dermatitis. Liver dysfuncticn and/or another factors may be a precivitating factor of vitamin K dermatitis, and intradermal the seems to be more useful in the diagnoiis of vitamin K dermatitis than patch test.
