J Korean Rheum Assoc.  2005 Jun;12(2):132-136.

A Case of Acute Leukoencephalopathy in a Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Affiliations
  • 1Departments of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. jychoe@cu.ac.kr
  • 2Departments of Neurology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

Abstract

Up to 70% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are afflicted with neurologic manifestations. However, there are only a few reports documenting acute leukoencephalopathy in SLE. We describe a 20-year-old woman who was recently diagnosed as SLE, suffering from headache, fever and arthritis. She developed an acute onset of consciousness disturbance with seizure followed by prolonged coma, which recovered completely after 1 month of steroid therapy. Her brain MRI showed diffuse high signal intensity in the periventricular and subcortical white matter on T2-weighted and FLAIR images, whereas cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus were spared. Acute leukoencephalopathy may be recognized as a subtype of lupus involving the central nervous system.

Keyword

Systemic lupus erythematosus; Magnetic resonance image; Leukoencephalopathy

MeSH Terms

Arthritis
Basal Ganglia
Brain
Central Nervous System
Cerebral Cortex
Coma
Consciousness
Female
Fever
Headache
Humans
Leukoencephalopathies*
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Neurologic Manifestations
Seizures
Thalamus
Young Adult
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