Blood Res.  2025;60:12. 10.1007/s44313-025-00060-y.

Prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in lymphoid malignancy

• Kim H
• Chung H
• Kook H
• Kim S
• Kim Y
• Cho H
• Cheong J

• KMID: 2565751
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s44313-025-00060-y

Abstract

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is a salvage treatment option for patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoid malignancies. However, the clinical variables impacting outcomes in these patients remain unclear. We analyzed 58 patients who underwent allo-SCT for lymphoid malignancies, including B-cell lymphoma (BCL, n = 20), Hodgkin’s disease (n = 3), multiple myeloma (n = 9), natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NK/TCL, n = 4), and TCL (n = 22). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 27.4 months, while the median overall survival (OS) was 30.6 months. In univariate analysis, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching and complete remission status post-transplantation were associated with improved PFS and OS. However, only post-transplant response remained significant for both sur‑ vival outcomes in the multivariate analysis. Moreover, HLA matching was associated with a significantly improved PFS in patients with BCL and NK/TCL, but with better OS only in those with BCL. Complete remission after transplantation was associated with better PFS and OS in patients with BCL, NK/TCL, and TCL. Our results indicate that post-transplant response is an important prognostic indicator in allo-SCT for lymphoid malignancies and may guide clinical decisions and additional treatment.

Keyword

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation; Lymphoid malignancies; Prognostic factors

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Distribution of lymphoid malignancies in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients. MALToma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; FL, follicular lymphoma; LBL, B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma; TLL, T-lymphoblastic lymphoma; TCL, T-cell lymphoma; PTCL, peripheral T-cell lymphoma; ALCL, anaplastic large cell lymphoma

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  Fig. 2 Disease status before and after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

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  Fig. 3 Survival outcomes in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients with lymphoid malignancies. A, B Progression-free survival (PFS) (n = 58) and overall survival (OS) (n = 58) of all patients. C, D PFS and OS according to the subtype of lymphoid malignancies. P-values were determined by log-rank test

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  Fig. 4 Incidence of non-relapse mortality (NRM), mortality, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients for lymphoid malignancies. A Cumulative incidence of NRM in subgroups according to the lymphoid malignancy subtype. B Cumulative incidence of progression/relapse in subgroups. C, D Cumulative incidence of acute and chronic GVHD in subgroups

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  Fig. 5 Univariate and multivariate analyses in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients for lymphoid malignancies. Forest plots of univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors associated with progression-free survival and overall survival. HR, hazard ratio; RIC, reduced-intensity conditioning; MAC, myeloablative conditioning; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; ASCT, autologous stem cell transplantation; GVHD, graft-versus-host disease; NRM, non-relapse mortality

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  Fig. 6 Survival outcomes according to the indicated variables in allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients for lymphoid malignancy. A, B Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of subgroups divided by human leukocyte antigen match. C, D PFS and OS of subgroups divided by status after transplant. P-values were determined by log-rank test

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