Korean J Sports Med.  2020 Sep;38(3):155-163. 10.5763/kjsm.2020.38.3.155.

Effects of Exercise Training on Vascular Endothelial Function Related Factors of Obese Elderly Women with Sarcopenia

• Kim K

• KMID: 2506073
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5763/kjsm.2020.38.3.155

Abstract

Purpose
This study examined how 12-week regular exercise training affects changes in body composition and factors related to vascular endothelial function including blood nitric oxide (NO) in elderly women with sarcopenic obesity.
Methods
Subjects were divided into exercise group (n=15) and control group (n=15) for sarcopenic obese elderly women with 30% or more of body fat and less than 7.67 kg/m² of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM)/height² . Before and after 12 week exercise training, body composition, blood pressure, intima-media thickness of carotid artery, blood lipid profiles, NO, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), malondialdehyde, cortisol concentrations were measured and compared.
Results
In the exercise group, after exercise training, body weight and body fat percentage decreased significantly (p＜ 0.05) and ASM/height² increased significantly (p＜ 0.05). Systolic blood pressure, intima-media thickness of left carotid artery and blood lipid levels decreased significantly (p＜ 0.05), and blood NO and eNOS increased significantly (p＜ 0.05). However, the control group was not significantly different between before and after exercise training. The amount of change in ASM/height² after exercise training showed a significant (p＜ 0.05) correlation with the change in blood NO concentration and intima-media thickness of left carotid artery.
Conclusion
Regular exercise training for 12 weeks helps to relieve sarcopenic obesity in the elderly, and positive changes in body composition with increased muscle mass can be drive to positive changes in factors related to vascular endothelial function with blood NO, eNOS and lipids. These effects of exercise training thought to help the improvement of blood pressure and intima-media thickness of carotid artery.

Keyword

Aging; Blood pressure; Exercise; Obesity; Sarcopenia