Tuberc Respir Dis.  2006 Jan;60(1):38-43.

Hepatotoxicity of Rifampicin and Pyrazinamide Treatment Excluding Isoniazid

• Choi IS
• Park IN
• Hong SB
• Oh YM
• Lim CM
• Lee SD
• Koh Y
• Kim WS
• Kim DS
• Kim WD
• Shim TS

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Even though two-month rifampicin (RMP, R) and pyrazinamide (PZA, P) treatment has some advantages over isoniazid (INH, H) treatment for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), it was withdrawn from the list of treatment regimens for LTBI because of reported cases of severe hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of hepatotoxicity of RMP and PZA treatment excluding INH in a Korean population. METHOD: TIn order to recruit patients who were prescribed RMP and PZA excluding INH, 256 INH-resistant tuberculosis patients were investigated through retrospective medical record analysis. A standard four-drug regimen was changed to a RMP/PZA-containing regimen excluding INH in 64 patients (RZ+ group). In the same study period, 146 patients who were prescribed an INH/RMP/PZA-containing standard regimen were randomly selected as a control (HRZ+ group). Clinical characteristics including liver diseases and the frequency of drug-induced hepatitis were compared between the RZ+ and HRZ+ groups. RESULT: The mean age of patients in the RZ+ group was 50.2 (+/-16.2) and the male-to-female ratio was 36:28. The frequency of underlying liver diseases was 10.9% (7/64), which was not significantly different from that of the HRZ+ group (4.1%, 6/146). Even though the treatment duration of RZ+ (5.5 +/- 4.8 months) was longer that than that of HRZ+ (2.7 +/- 2.3 months), the frequency of toxic hepatitis was not significantly different between RZ+ and HRZ+ groups, 3.5% (2/57) and 7.1% (10/140), respectively.
CONCLUSION
Hepatotoxicity was mild and occurred in a minor proportion of patients in a Korean population prescribed an RMP/PZA-containing regimen. A future prospective study including more patients is needed.

Keyword

Tuberculosis; Latenet tuberculosis infection; Rifampicin; Pyrazinamide; Hepatotoxicity

MeSH Terms

Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Humans
Isoniazid*
Latent Tuberculosis
Liver Diseases
Medical Records
Pyrazinamide*
Retrospective Studies
Rifampin*
Tin
Tuberculosis
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Rifampin
Tin

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