Korean J Urol.  2006 Aug;47(8):882-887. 10.4111/kju.2006.47.8.882.

Molecular MRI Images of the Transplanted Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Liver, Kidney, Bladder and Penile Cavernosum of Rats

• Song YS
• Lee KH
• Yoon JH
• Park YH
• Kim JH
• Choi DH
• Jeon JS
• Kim SJ
• Chung HJ
• Song ES
• Won JH

• KMID: 2294119
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2006.47.8.882

Abstract

PURPOSE: Molecular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPIO) have been developed for noninvasively monitoring stem cells. This study was performed to investigate if the presence of transplanted human mesenchymal stem cells in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum can be evaluated noninvasively with using molecular MR imaging.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
SPIO (Feridex; AMI, Cambridge, USA) were transferred to the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using GenePORTER. The labeling viability, efficiency and differentiation of the SPIO transferred hMSCs were examined with Tripan blue, Von Kossa, alkaline phosphatase, toluidine blue, oil red O and Prussian blue staining. The SPIO labelled hMSCs were transplanted to the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum of rats, and the MR images were examined in vitro or in vivo using 1.5 T MR.
RESULTS
The viability and efficiency of the SPIO transferred hMSCs were good. Osteogenic, chondrogenic or adipogenic differentiation from the SPIO transferred hMSCs was observed. A decrease of the MR signal intensity of the SPIO transferred hMSCs with using GenePORTER was found in vitro. A decrease of the MR signal intensity was found at concentrations that were more than 1x10(5) hMSCs in vitro. The MR signal intensity at the areas of the SPIO transferred hMSCs decreased in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum. The intracellular SPIOs were confirmed in the SPIO labelled hMSCs that were transplanted in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum with Prussian blue staining.
CONCLUSIONS
The SPIO labelled hMSCs in the liver, kidney, bladder and penis can be evaluated noninvasively by using molecular MRI.

Keyword

Molecular image; Magnetic resonance imaging; Stem cells

MeSH Terms

Alkaline Phosphatase
Animals
Humans*
Iron
Kidney*
Liver*
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
Male
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells*
Nanoparticles
Penis
Rats*
Stem Cells
Tolonium Chloride
Urinary Bladder*
Alkaline Phosphatase
Iron
Tolonium Chloride

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the liver. (A) Liver before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the liver are diffusely distributed 1 day after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of the MR signal intensity.

• 

  Fig. 2 MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the kidney. (A) Kidney before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the kidney are confined locally 1 day after SPIO labeled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity.

• 

  Fig. 3 MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the bladder. (A) Bladder wall before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the bladder are confined locally 1 days after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of the MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity.

• 

  Fig. 4 MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the penis. (A) Bladder wall before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the penis are confined locally 1 day after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. Arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide.

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