Korean J Med.
2012 May;82(5):537-542.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. mdlhc@daum.net
Abstract
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is considered as a main cause of dissatisfaction after surgery with postoperative pain. Overall incidence of PONV is 30%, and the incidence rate can increase up to 70-80% in high-risk patient groups. The causes of PONV are multifactorial and can largely be categorized as patient risk factors, surgical procedure, and anaesthetic technique. Pharmacological treatments including dopamine antagonist, anti-histamines, anticholinergics, dexamethasone, neurokinin-1 antagonists, and serotonin antagonist are used to prevent and treat PONV. This article reviews the prevalence, mechanisms, and risk factors of PONV, and how to prevent and treat it.
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