Korean J Nephrol.  2007 Nov;26(6):684-690.

Changes of Bone Mineral Densities in Children with Idiopathic Hypercalciuria

• Hong EH
• Kim JO
• Chu MA
• Kim JY
• Lee HS
• Cho MH
• Ko CW
• Jo DG
• Lee JT

Abstract

PURPOSE: Idiopathic hypercalciuria is a common clinical disorder in children with hematuria or nephrolithiasis. Recently, it has been reported that idiopathic hypercalciuria may disturb the metabolism of bone and induce its loss. We measured the biochemical markers of bone metabolism and bone mineral densities (BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria to elucidate the prevalence and clinical significance of osteopenia.
METHODS
From 1997 to 2005, 52 children with idiopathic hypercalciuria were included in this study. The biochemical markers of bone metabolism were measured in all 52 patients. BMD was measured in 21 patients initially and additional 6 patients during the follow-up.
RESULTS
Mean age of patients was 6 years 7 months, and the male to female ratio was 1.26:1. BMD Z-scores were less than -1 in 10 of initial 21 patients (osteopenia), and -2.5 in 2 of 10 osteopenic patients (osteoporosis). There was a negative correlation between BMD Z-score and the level of osteocalcin. However, there were no significant differences in BMD Z-scores and other biochemical markers of bone metabolism among groups divided by sex, the type of idiopathic hypercalciuria, and the presence of urinary stone.
CONCLUSION
Idiopathic hypercalciuria can be not only the cause of hematuria, but also of osteopenia in children. We suggest that the measurement of BMD in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria should be performed routinely with regular follow-up.

Keyword

Hypercalciuria; Bone mineral density; Children

MeSH Terms

Absorptiometry, Photon
Biomarkers
Bone Density*
Bone Diseases, Metabolic
Child*
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Hematuria
Humans
Hypercalciuria*
Male
Metabolism
Nephrolithiasis
Osteocalcin
Prevalence
Urinary Calculi
Osteocalcin