J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2012 Jan;53(1):76-86. 10.3341/jkos.2012.53.1.76.

Complications after Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection: Incidence and Risk Factors

• Kang HK
• Chin HS

• KMID: 2215248
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2012.53.1.76

Abstract

PURPOSE
To reduce complications and provide proper management for better clinical outcomes in the treatment of macular edema through a large-scale analysis of the incidence and risk factors for complications of intravitreal triamcinolone injection.
METHODS
The medical records of 490 eyes that received intravitreal triamcinolone (4.0 mg) injection for treatment of macular edema caused by various diseases were retrospectively reviewed, and relevant parameters were included in a multivariate regression model.
RESULTS
Vitrectomized (p < 0.001) and pseudophakic (p = 0.054) eyes were less likely to exhibit an intraocular pressure increase, but glaucoma (p < 0.001) and young age (p = 0.073) were found to be significant risk factors for this complication. Vitrectomized eyes (p = 0.011), diabetic macular edema (p < 0.001), secondary ocular hypertension (p = 0.029) and old age (p = 0.059) were associated with cataract progression. Three consecutive case of sterile endophthalmitis, which differs from bacterial endophthalmitis in clinical course and prognosis, occurred during the same period.
CONCLUSIONS
Risk factors and the incidence of complications after intravitreal triamcinolone injection should be evaluated through regular follow-up evaluation to ensure proper management and a better prognosis.

Keyword

Cataract progression; Complication; Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide; Secondary ocular hypertension; Sterile endophthalmitis

MeSH Terms

Cataract
Dietary Sucrose
Endophthalmitis
Eye
Follow-Up Studies
Glaucoma
Incidence
Intraocular Pressure
Macular Edema
Medical Records
Ocular Hypertension
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone Acetonide
Dietary Sucrose
Triamcinolone
Triamcinolone Acetonide

Figure

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  Figure 1 The comparison of intraocular pressure and patient proportion of ocular hypertension according to intravitreal triamcinolone injections.

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  Figure 2 The relationship of mean increased intraocular pressure and age distributions.

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  Figure 3 The association of intraocular pressure increasing level and need cataract surgery.

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