J Nutr Health.  2015 Aug;48(4):299-309. 10.4163/jnh.2015.48.4.299.

Effects of the C3G/D3G anthocyanins-rich black soybean testa extracts on improvement of lipid profiles in STZ-induced diabetic rats

• Park SY
• Pak S
• Kang SJ
• Kim NY
• Kim DS
• Kim MJ
• Kim SA
• Kim JY
• Park SY
• Park SH
• Youn CR
• Lee BR
• Lee HE
• Choi SY
• Choi HW
• Heo JY
• Hwang AY
• Lee MS

• KMID: 2209896
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2015.48.4.299

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of black soybean (CJ-3) testa extracts on lipid profiles in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
METHODS
One control group and four STZ-induced diabetic groups with different doses of black soybean (CJ-3) testa extracts treatment [0 mg/kg (diabetic control, EX), 250 mg/kg (EX-250), 500 mg/kg (EX-500), 1,000 mg/kg (EX-1000)] were orally administered for 4 weeks.
RESULTS
All CJ-3 treatment groups had remarkably lower serum triglyceride (TG) levels than that of EX group (p < 0.05) whereas hepatic TG contents did not show any differences. Results from serum total cholesterol (TC) concentrations of EX-250 and EX-1000 groups were decreased compared to EX group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, protein levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase from the liver decreased in all treatment groups (p < 0.05). However, significant differences were not observed in serum glucose and insulin, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) protein expression in skeletal muscle tissue.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that black soybean testa extracts could be useful for improvement of hyperlipidemia and hypercholesteremia in diabetes.

Keyword

anthocyanin; black soybean testa; lipid profiles; streptozotocin; diabetes

MeSH Terms

Animals
Anthocyanins
Blood Glucose
Cholesterol
Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative
Hypercholesterolemia
Hyperlipidemias
Insulin
Liver
Muscle, Skeletal
Oxidoreductases
Rats*
Soybeans*
Streptozocin
Triglycerides
Anthocyanins
Cholesterol
Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative
Insulin
Oxidoreductases
Streptozocin

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1. HPLC chromatogram and chemical structure of C3G and D3G. Peak 1; D3G (4.22 mg/g), peak 2; C3G (10.23 mg/g). HPLC condition [column; Gemini (C18, 3 µm, 4.6 mm × 100 mm), detector; DAD (530 nm), flow rate; 0.8 ml/min, solvent A; acetonitrille, solvent B; distilled water, solvent C; 0.5 M oxalic acid, gradient condition with 0~5 min; 10% A, 85% B, 5% C, 20 min; 25% A, 70% B, 5% C].

• 

  Fig. 2. Organ weight of normal and diabetic rats fed black soybean testa extracts. (A) Liver weight (g/100 g body weight) and (B) Muscle weight (g/100 g body weight). Mean values ± SD with different letters represent significant difference at p < 0.05. CON; normal control, EX; STZ-induced diabetes (diabetic control), EX-250; black soybean testa extracts 250 mg/kg oral treatment, EX-500; black soybean testa extracts 500 mg/kg oral treatment, EX-1000; black soybean testa extracts 1,000 mg/kg oral treatment after diabetes induction by STZ treatment.

• 

  Fig. 3. Effects of black soybean testa extracts on glucose metabolism. (A) Glucose levels in serum, (B) Insulin levels in serum (C) Glycogen level in liver (D) Glycogen level in muscle and (E) GLUT-4 protein expression levels in skeletal muscle tissue . Glycogen contents in liver and skeletal muscle. Mean values ± SD with different letters represent significant difference at p < 0.05. CON; normal control, EX; STZ-induced diabetes (diabetic control), EX-250; black soybean testa extracts 250 mg/kg oral treatment, EX-500; black soybean testa extracts 500 mg/kg oral treatment, EX-1000; black soybean testa extracts 1,000 mg/kg oral treatment after diabetes induction by STZ treatment.

• 

  Fig. 4. Effects of black soybean testa extracts on lipid profile and MDA. (A) TG levels in serum, (B) TG levels in liver, (C) TG levels in liver and (D) HMG-CoA reductase protein expression levels in liver and (E) MDA levels of serum Mean values ± SD with different letters represent significant difference at p < 0.05. CON; normal control, EX; STZ-induced diabetes (diabetic control), EX-250; black soybean testa extracts 250 mg/kg oral treatment, EX-500; black soybean testa extracts 500 mg/kg oral treatment, EX-1000; black soybean testa extracts 1,000 mg/kg oral treatment after diabetes induction by STZ treatment.

• 

  Fig. 5. Histological findings from livers of each groups. The micrographs depict H&E of paraffin-embedded liver slides. A; normal control (CON), B; STZ-induced diabetes (EX, diabetic control), C; black soybean testa extracts 250 mg/kg oral treatment (EX-250), D; black soybean testa extracts 500 mg/kg oral treatment (EX-500) and E; black soybean testa extracts 1,000 mg/kg oral treatment (EX-1000). White arrow describes tissue necrosis around central hepatic veis. Black arrow describes the lipid globules occurred by STZ treatment.

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