Korean J Perinatol.  2002 Jun;13(2):162-170.

The Clinical Study on the Incidence Rate and Cause of the Preterm Births

• Jung YU
• Kweon OJ
• Han YB
• Kim KS
• Lee KB
• Kim SY
• Lee ED

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The aim of study was to compare incidence rate and causes of the preterm birth that are the major factor of newborn mortality and morbidity.
METHODS
Respectively there were 428 preterm deliveries out of 5,309 deliveries, from January to August 1995, and there were 319 preterm deliveries out of 2,028 deliveries, from January to August 2000 at Gill hospital, a hospital in affiliation with Gachon Medical School. The data were collected by review of the hospital record and the statistical analysis was performed using paired T-tests, Oneway ANOVA, Fisher's exact test, and statistics significance was defined as p<0.05.
RESULTS
The incidence rate of the preterm birth increased from 8.1%(428/5,309) in 1995 to 15.7%(319/2,028) in 2000. Unknown causes of preterm birth decreased from 25.5%(109) to 20.2%(66). PPROM(Preterm premature rupture of the membranes) decreased from 26.9%(115) to 22.9%(73). IIOC(Incompetent internal os of cervix) decreased from 9.7%(41) to 6.9%(22). Uterine anomaly decreased from 1.6%(7) to 1.0%(3). And other causes deceased from 8.9%(38) to 5.1%(16). Multiple pregnancy increased from 10.1%(44) to 17.6%(56). Fetal anomaly increased from 2.1%(9) to 6.3%(20). Pregnancy induced hypertension increased from 7.9%(34) to 13.3%(42). There was not much change for the placental disorder or for placental abruption which decreased from 7.3%(31) to 6.7%(21). According to the analysis, there is a noticeable decrement in IIOC but noticeable increase in multiple pregnancy, fetal anomaly and PIH.
CONCLUSION
Comparing the data from the preterm birth of 1995 and 2000, the unknown cause of the preterm birth is understood more accordingly to the decrement of known cause. The increase of multiple pregnancy seems to be caused by better in vitro fertilization. The increase of fetal anomaly is most likely caused by drug abuse, environmental pollution, and prenatal diagnosis. Differ from the decrease of previous research, the increase of PIH is caused by the increase of incidence of the preterm birth and also patients moving from private hospital to 3rd party hospital. We hope that we can continuously research the cause of the preterm birth and use that basic information to decrease the death and disease rates of newborn infants

Keyword

Preterm birth; Multiple pregnancy; Fetal anomaly; Pregnancy induced hypertension

MeSH Terms

Abruptio Placentae
Animals
Environmental Pollution
Female
Fertilization in Vitro
Gills
Hope
Hospital Records
Hospitals, Private
Humans
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced
Incidence*
Infant, Newborn
Mortality
Pregnancy
Pregnancy, Multiple
Premature Birth*
Prenatal Diagnosis
Rupture
Schools, Medical
Substance-Related Disorders