Korean J Gastroenterol.  2011 Jul;58(1):25-30. 10.4166/kjg.2011.58.1.25.

HBV DNA Loss within 24 Weeks Predicts Late Viral Breakthrough in Chronic Hepatitis B

• Jeon SR
• Jang JY
• Jeong SW
• Park SH
• Lee SH
• Kim SG
• Cheon YK
• Kim YS
• Cho YD
• Moon JH
• Kim HS
• Lee JS
• Kim BS

• KMID: 1792811
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4166/kjg.2011.58.1.25

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Sustained HBV DNA reduction is necessary for biochemical remission, histological improvement, and prevention of complications. We analyzed the time taken from HBV DNA loss to viral breakthrough after antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The early fall of the HBV DNA level to undetectable levels assessed really whether it is related to late breakthrough.
METHODS
A total of 91 patients whose HBV DNA levels dropped below undetectable levels were chosen from lamivudine-treated 306 patients and were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 4 groups (A< or =12, 1248 wk) according to the time taken for the HBV DNA to decrease below undetectable levels. HBV DNA level was determined every 3 months.
RESULTS
The mean time taken for loss of HBV DNA was 34+/-28 wk. The baseline ALT differed significantly among groups (A: 382+/-274, B: 340+/-30, C: 166+/-92, D: 54+/-100 IU/L) (p=0.007). Fifty nine of the 91 patients (64.8%) experienced viral breakthrough. The mean interval between HBV DNA loss and viral breakthrough was 65+/-40 wk and differed significantly between group A, B (82+/-43 wk) and group C, D (56+/-28 wk) (p=0.015). In multivariate analysis, only HBV DNA loss within 24 wk, was found to be independently associated with late viral breakthrough (p=0.035). Undetectable HBV DNA after 24 wk was associated with high odd ratio of 3.24 (95% CI, 1.09-9.67).
CONCLUSIONS
HBV DNA loss within 24 wk after antiviral treatment could predict the late breakthrough.

Keyword

HBV DNA; Virologic breakthrough

MeSH Terms

Adult
Alanine Transaminase/blood
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood
DNA, Viral/blood
Drug Administration Schedule
Female
Hepatitis B virus/*isolation & purification
Hepatitis B, Chronic/drug therapy/*virology
Humans
Lamivudine/therapeutic use
Male
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
*Predictive Value of Tests
Retrospective Studies

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the long term follow-up of the chronic hepatitis B.

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  Fig. 2. Initial lamivudine treatment or change in regimen compared with time to undetectable HBV DNA. Twenty one of the 21 patients (100%), 23 of the 23 patients, (100%), 25 of the 26 patients (96%),13 of the 21 patients (62%) had undetectable viral loads without change of initial antiviral agent and there was a significant difference between groups A, B, C and group D (p=0.013). a Percentage of patients without change of initial lamivudine regimen. b Groups according to the time to undetectable HBV DNA.

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  Fig. 3. Comparison of baseline AST/ALT levels among 4 groups. Baseline AST/ALT levels showed 232±195/382±274 IU/L in group A, 197±121/340±306 IU/L in group B, 156±144/166±92 IU/L in group C and 119±89/154±100 IU/L in group D and showed a significant difference between each group (p=0.006/p=0.007). a Groups according to the time to undetectable HBV DNA

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  Fig. 4. The time taken until viral breakthrough according to pretreatment HBeAg status. In HBeAg positive, the mean time period between HBV DNA loss and viral breakthrough was 77±44 wk in groups A and B and 49±19 wk in groups C and D (p=0.025). In HBeAg negative, the mean time period between HBV DNA loss and viral breakthrough was 89±43 wk in groups A and B and 59±22 wk in groups C and D (p=0.05). a Groups according to the time to undetectable HBV DNA.

Reference

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