Clin Exp Vaccine Res.  2014 Jul;3(2):133-139. 10.7774/cevr.2014.3.2.133.

Progress and hurdles in the development of influenza virus-like particle vaccines for veterinary use

• Lee DH
• Park JK
• Song CS

• KMID: 1730617
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7774/cevr.2014.3.2.133

Abstract

Virus-like particles (VLPs), which resemble infectious virus particles in structure and morphology, have been proposed to provide a new generation of vaccine candidates against various viral infections. As effective immunogens, characterized by high immunogenicity and safety, VLPs have been employed in the development of human influenza vaccines. Recently, several influenza VLP vaccines have been developed for veterinary use and successfully evaluated in swine, canine, duck, and chicken models. These VLP vaccine candidates induced protective immune responses and enabled serological differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals in conjunction with a diagnostic test. Here, we review the current progress of influenza VLP development as a next-generation vaccine technology in the veterinary field and discuss the challenges and future direction of this technology.

Keyword

Influenza; Vaccines; Virus-like particle; Veterinary

MeSH Terms

Animals
Chickens
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Ducks
Influenza, Human*
Swine
Vaccines
Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle*
Virion
Vaccines
Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Schematic diagrams of influenza virus-like particles (VLP). (A) Influenza VLP containing matrix protein M1 and hemagglutinin (HA). (B) Influenza VLP containing HA, neuraminidase (NA), and matrix protein M1. (C) Chimeric influenza VLP containing matrix protein M1, HA, and flagellin as molecular adjuvant. (D) Chimeric influenza VLP containing matrix protein M1, HA, and foreign antigens.

Reference

1. Sandrock C, Kelly T. Clinical review: update of avian influenza A infections in humans. Crit Care. 2007; 11:209.

2. Lee NH, Lee JA, Park SY, Song CS, Choi IS, Lee JB. A review of vaccine development and research for industry animals in Korea. Clin Exp Vaccine Res. 2012; 1:18–34.

3. Lee DH, Bae SW, Park JK, et al. Virus-like particle vaccine protects against H3N2 canine influenza virus in dog. Vaccine. 2013; 31:3268–3273.

4. Lee DH, Park JK, Lee YN, et al. H9N2 avian influenza virus-like particle vaccine provides protective immunity and a strategy for the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. Vaccine. 2011; 29:4003–4007.

5. Park JK, Lee DH, Youn HN, et al. Protective efficacy of crude virus-like particle vaccine against HPAI H5N1 in chickens and its application on DIVA strategy. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2013; 7:340–348.

6. Prel A, Le Gall-Recule G, Jestin V. Achievement of avian influenza virus-like particles that could be used as a subunit vaccine against low-pathogenic avian influenza strains in ducks. Avian Pathol. 2008; 37:513–520.

7. Pyo HM, Masic A, Woldeab N, et al. Pandemic H1N1 influenza virus-like particles are immunogenic and provide protective immunity to pigs. Vaccine. 2012; 30:1297–1304.

8. Shen H, Xue C, Lv L, et al. Assembly and immunological properties of a bivalent virus-like particle (VLP) for avian influenza and Newcastle disease. Virus Res. 2013; 178:430–436.

9. Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM. Fields virology. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health;2013.

10. Nayak B, Kumar S, DiNapoli JM, et al. Contributions of the avian influenza virus HA, NA, and M2 surface proteins to the induction of neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity. J Virol. 2010; 84:2408–2420.

11. Alexander DJ. An overview of the epidemiology of avian influenza. Vaccine. 2007; 25:5637–5644.

12. Saif YM, Fadly AM, Glisson JR, McDougald LR, Nolan LK, Swayne DE. Diseases of poultry. 12th ed. Ames: Blackwell Publishing;2008.

13. Butler D. Vaccination will work better than culling, say bird flu experts. Nature. 2005; 434:810.

14. Swayne DE, Spackman E. Current status and future needs in diagnostics and vaccines for high pathogenicity avian influenza. Dev Biol (Basel). 2013; 135:79–94.

15. Naeem K, Siddique N, Ayaz M, Jalalee MA. Avian influenza in Pakistan: outbreaks of low- and high-pathogenicity avian influenza in Pakistan during 2003-2006. Avian Dis. 2007; 51:1 Suppl. 189–193.

16. Perk S, Panshin A, Shihmanter E, et al. Ecology and molecular epidemiology of H9N2 avian influenza viruses isolated in Israel during 2000-2004 epizootic. Dev Biol (Basel). 2006; 124:201–209.

17. Wu R, Sui ZW, Zhang HB, et al. Characterization of a pathogenic H9N2 influenza A virus isolated from central China in 2007. Arch Virol. 2008; 153:1549–1555.

18. Zimmerman JJ, Karriker LA, Ramirez A, Schwartz KJ, Stevenson GW. Diseases of swine. 10th ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell;2012.

19. Ma W, Kahn RE, Richt JA. The pig as a mixing vessel for influenza viruses: Human and veterinary implications. J Mol Genet Med. 2008; 3:158–166.

20. Thacker E, Janke B. Swine influenza virus: zoonotic potential and vaccination strategies for the control of avian and swine influenzas. J Infect Dis. 2008; 197:Suppl 1. S19–S24.

21. Houser RE, Heuschele WP. Evidence of prior infection with influenza A/Texas/77 (H3N2( virus in dogs with clinical parainfluenza. Can J Comp Med. 1980; 44:396–402.

22. Gibbs EP, Anderson TC. Equine and canine influenza: a review of current events. Anim Health Res Rev. 2010; 11:43–51.

23. Songserm T, Amonsin A, Jam-on R, et al. Fatal avian influenza A H5N1 in a dog. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006; 12:1744–1747.

24. Lin D, Sun S, Du L, et al. Natural and experimental infection of dogs with pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza virus. J Gen Virol. 2012; 93(Pt 1):119–123.

25. Newton R, Cooke A, Elton D, et al. Canine influenza virus: cross-species transmission from horses. Vet Rec. 2007; 161:142–143.

26. Li S, Shi Z, Jiao P, et al. Avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza A viruses in Southern China. Infect Genet Evol. 2010; 10:1286–1288.

27. Song D, Lee C, Kang B, et al. Experimental infection of dogs with avian-origin canine influenza A virus (H3N2). Emerg Infect Dis. 2009; 15:56–58.

28. Lee YN, Lee HJ, Lee DH, et al. Severe canine influenza in dogs correlates with hyperchemokinemia and high viral load. Virology. 2011; 417:57–63.

29. Deshpande MS, Jirjis FF, Tubbs AL, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of a canine influenza virus (H3N8) vaccine in dogs following experimental challenge. Vet Ther. 2009; 10:103–112.

30. Lee C, Jung K, Oh J, et al. Protective efficacy and immunogenicity of an inactivated avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza vaccine in dogs challenged with the virulent virus. Vet Microbiol. 2010; 143:184–188.

31. Belshe RB. Current status of live attenuated influenza virus vaccine in the US. Virus Res. 2004; 103:177–185.

32. Kang SM, Pushko P, Bright RA, Smith G, Compans RW. Influenza virus-like particles as pandemic vaccines. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2009; 333:269–289.

33. Haynes JR. Influenza virus-like particle vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2009; 8:435–445.

34. Kang SM, Kim MC, Compans RW. Virus-like particles as universal influenza vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2012; 11:995–1007.

35. Song H, Wittman V, Byers A, et al. In vitro stimulation of human influenza-specific CD8+ T cells by dendritic cells pulsed with an influenza virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine. Vaccine. 2010; 28:5524–5532.

36. Hemann EA, Kang SM, Legge KL. Protective CD8 T cell-mediated immunity against influenza A virus infection following influenza virus-like particle vaccination. J Immunol. 2013; 191:2486–2494.

37. Wang BZ, Quan FS, Kang SM, Bozja J, Skountzou I, Compans RW. Incorporation of membrane-anchored flagellin into influenza virus-like particles enhances the breadth of immune responses. J Virol. 2008; 82:11813–11823.

38. Crisci E, Barcena J, Montoya M. Virus-like particles: the new frontier of vaccines for animal viral infections. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2012; 148:211–225.

39. Liu F, Ge S, Li L, Wu X, Liu Z, Wang Z. Virus-like particles: potential veterinary vaccine immunogens. Res Vet Sci. 2012; 93:553–559.

40. Prel A, Le Gall-Recule G, Cherbonnel M, Grasland B, Amelot M, Jestin V. Assessment of the protection afforded by triple baculovirus recombinant coexpressing H5, N3, M1 proteins against a homologous H5N3 low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus challenge in Muscovy ducks. Avian Dis. 2007; 51:1 Suppl. 484–489.

41. Suarez DL. Overview of avian influenza DIVA test strategies. Biologicals. 2005; 33:221–226.

42. Meeusen EN, Walker J, Peters A, Pastoret PP, Jungersen G. Current status of veterinary vaccines. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007; 20:489–510.

43. Maeda S. Construction of recombinant baculoviruses carrying insect selective neurotoxin genes for pest insect control. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso. 1992; 37:842–847.

44. Margine I, Martinez-Gil L, Chou YY, Krammer F. Residual baculovirus in insect cell-derived influenza virus-like particle preparations enhances immunogenicity. PLoS One. 2012; 7:e51559.

45. Lua LH, Connors NK, Sainsbury F, Chuan YP, Wibowo N, Middelberg AP. Bioengineering virus-like particles as vaccines. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2014; 111:425–440.

46. Pushko P, Pearce MB, Ahmad A, et al. Influenza virus-like particle can accommodate multiple subtypes of hemagglutinin and protect from multiple influenza types and subtypes. Vaccine. 2011; 29:5911–5918.