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The role of mitochondrial DNA mutation on neurodegenerative diseases

Cha MY, Kim DK, Mook-Jung

Many researchers have reported that oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is increased in several age-related disorders. Damage to mitochondrial constituents and mtDNA can generate additional mitochondrial dysfunction that may...
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Oxygen-Dependent and -Independent Regulation of HIF-1alpha

Chun YS, Kim MS, Park JW

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is composed of HIF-1alpha and HIF-1beta, and is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis, playing critical roles in physiological and pathological processes. Normally, the formation and...
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NADPH oxidase mediated oxidative stress in hepatic fibrogenesis

Paik YH, Brenner DA

NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a multicomponent enzyme complex that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to a wide range of stimuli. ROS is involved as key secondary messengers in...
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MyD88-BLT2-dependent cascade contributes to LPS-induced interleukin-6 production in mouse macrophage

Lee AJ, Cho KJ, Kim JH

Endotoxic responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are triggered by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and involve the production of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), by macrophages. The detailed mechanism of IL-6...
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Redox signaling: hydrogen peroxide as intracellular messenger

Rhee SG

  • KMID: 1029931
  • Exp Mol Med.
  • 1999 Jun;31(2):53-59.
Although superoxide anions (O2.-) and H2O2 are generally considered to be toxic by-products of respiration, recent evidence suggests that the production of these reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be an integral component...
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Ligation of CD40 receptor in human B lymphocytes triggers the 5-lipoxygenase pathway to produce reactive oxygen species and activate p38 MAPK

Ha YJ, Seul HJ, Lee JR

Previously, we reported that CD40-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase requires the TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 3, as well as the activities of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)...
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Acetoaminophen-induced accumulation of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine through reduction of Ogg1 DNA repair enzyme in C6 glioma cells

Wan J, Bae MA, Song BJ

  • KMID: 755668
  • Exp Mol Med.
  • 2004 Feb;36(1):71-77.
Large doses of acetaminophen (APAP) could cause oxidative stress and tissue damage through production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen (ROS/RNS) species and quinone metabolites of APAP. Although ROS/RNS are known to modify...
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Effect of Advanced Glycation End Products on Oxidative Stress and Senescence of Trabecular Meshwork Cells

Park CH, Kim JW

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of advanced glycation end products (AGE) on oxidative stress and cellular senescence in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC). METHODS: Primarily cultured HTMC were exposed to...
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Upregulation of Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Fetal Brain of the Gaucher Mouse

Hong YB, Kim EY, Jung SC

Gaucher disease is caused by a deficiency of glucocerebrosidase. Patients with Gaucher disease are divided into three major phenotypes: chronic nonneuronopathic, acute neuronopathic, and chronic neuronopathic, based on symptoms of...
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Entamoeba histolytica Induces Cell Death of HT29 Colonic Epithelial Cells via NOX1-Derived ROS

Kim KA, Kim JY, Lee YA, Min A, Bahk YY, Shin MH

Entamoeba histolytica, which causes amoebic colitis and occasionally liver abscess in humans, is able to induce host cell death. However, signaling mechanisms of colon cell death induced by E. histolytica...
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Biliverdin reductase A in the prevention of cellular senescence against oxidative stress

Kim SY, Kang HT, Choi HR, Park SC

Biliverdin reductase A (BLVRA), an enzyme that converts biliverdin to bilirubin, has recently emerged as a key regulator of the cellular redox cycle. However, the role of BLVRA in the...
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The effects of oxygen radicals on the activity of nitric oxide synthase and guanylate cyclase

Kim SM, Byun JS, Jung YD, Kang IC, Choi SY, Lee KY

  • KMID: 755012
  • Exp Mol Med.
  • 1998 Dec;30(4):221-226.
Reactive oxygen species such as superoxides, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radicals have been suggested to be involved in the catalytic action of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce NO...
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Interleukin-10 endogenously expressed in microglia prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced neurodegeneration in the rat cerebral cortex in vivo

Park KW, Lee HG, Jin BK, Lee YB

  • KMID: 1091076
  • Exp Mol Med.
  • 2007 Dec;39(6):812-819.
A degree of brain inflammation is required for repair of damaged tissue, but excessive inflammation causes neuronal cell death. Here, we observe that IL-10 is expressed in LPS-injected rat cerebral...
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Gut Microbial Influence and Probiotics on Colorectal Cancer

Myung DS, Joo YE

The human intestinal microbiota is a community of 10(13)-10(14) microorganisms that harbor in the intestine and normally participate in a symbiotic relationship with human. Technical and conceptual advances have enabled...
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Diphenyleneiodonium Inhibits Apoptotic Cell Death of Gastric Epithelial Cells Infected with Helicobacter pylori in a Korean Isolate

Cho SO, Lim JW, Kim H

NADPH oxidase produces a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastric epithelial cells. Even though ROS mediate apoptotic cell death, direct involvement of NADPH...
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Autophagy and bacterial infectious diseases

Yuk JM, Yoshimori , Jo EK

Autophagy is a housekeeping process that maintains cellular homeostasis through recycling of nutrients and degradation of damaged or aged cytoplasmic constituents. Over the past several years, accumulating evidence has suggested...
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Selectively Decreased Expression of Peroxiredoxins Induced by Silica in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells

Lee HL, Kim YS, Park JH, Chung WY, Lee KS, Oh YJ, Sheen SS, Park KJ, Hwang SC

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Peroxiredoxin (Prx) belongs to a ubiquitous family of antioxidant enzymes that regulates many cellular processes through intracellular oxidative signal transduction pathways. Silica-induced lung damage involves reactive oxygen species (ROS)...
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Reactive oxygen species enhance differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into mesendodermal lineage

Ji AR, Ku SY, Cho MS, Kim YY, Kim YJ, Oh SK, Kim SH, Moon SY, Choi YM

Recently, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been studied as a regulator of differentiation into specific cell types in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). However, ROS role in human ESCs (hESCs) is...
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Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase alpha negatively regulates nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells

Liu T, Lee SY

  • KMID: 2154235
  • Exp Mol Med.
  • 2013 Mar;45(3):e16.
Neurite outgrowth, a cell differentiation process involving membrane morphological changes, is critical for neuronal network and development. The membrane lipid, phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), is a key regulator of many...
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Mitochondrial DNA Aberrations and Pathophysiological Implications in Hematopoietic Diseases, Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, and Cancers

Kim HR, Won SJ, Fabian C, Kang MG, Szardenings M, Shin MG

Mitochondria are important intracellular organelles that produce energy for cellular development, differentiation, and growth. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) presents a 10- to 20-fold higher susceptibility to genetic mutations owing to the...
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