Ultrasonography.  2021 Jan;40(1):23-29. 10.14366/usg.20068.

Applications of machine learning and deep learning to thyroid imaging: where do we stand?

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
  • 2Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Ultrasonography (US) is the primary diagnostic tool used to assess the risk of malignancy and to inform decision-making regarding the use of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and postFNA management in patients with thyroid nodules. However, since US image interpretation is operator-dependent and interobserver variability is moderate to substantial, unnecessary FNA and/or diagnostic surgery are common in practice. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based computeraided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been introduced to help with the accurate and consistent interpretation of US features, ultimately leading to a decrease in unnecessary FNA. This review provides a developmental overview of the AI-based CAD systems currently used for thyroid nodules and describes the future developmental directions of these systems for the personalized and optimized management of thyroid nodules.

Keyword

Thyroid; Neoplasms; Artificial intelligence; Computer-aided diagnosis
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