Perinatology.  2019 Mar;30(1):14-19. 10.14734/PN.2019.30.1.14.

Risk Factors for Nephrocalcinosis in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

• Han SE
• Cha T
• Kim J
• Kim JH
• Kim CR
• Park HK
• Lee HJ

• KMID: 2443171
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14734/PN.2019.30.1.14

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The objective was to identify risk factors for nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.
METHODS
Prospective study has done between 2014 and 2017. The study included 81 VLBW infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Renal ultrasonography was performed at four weeks and 3 months. Baseline characteristics, complications and medication during NICU admission were collected. 25-(OH)-vitamin D, calcium, phosphorous, alkaline phosphatase, urine calcium to creatinine ratio were serially measured.
RESULTS
The incidence of nephrocalcinosis was 16.9%. On univariate analysis, gestational age, lower birth weight, maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension, neonatal sepsis, and frequency of vancomycin and caffeine citrate treatment were significantly associated with nephrocalcinosis. In addition, preterm infants with nephrocalcinosis had lower cord blood 25-(OH)-vitamin D and serum calcium levels and higher serum alkaline phosphatase levels at 2 weeks of life. Multivariate analysis showed that gestational age (P=0.042), birth weight (P=0.019), sepsis (P=0.046), small for gestational age (P=0.015), and maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension (P=0.024) were significant risk factors for nephrocalcinosis.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that neonatal sepsis and maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension, in addition to gestational age and birth weight are important perinatal risk factors for nephrocalcinosis.

Keyword

Nephrocalcinosis; Prematurity; Very low birth weight; Risk factors

MeSH Terms

Alkaline Phosphatase
Birth Weight
Caffeine
Calcium
Citric Acid
Creatinine
Female
Fetal Blood
Gestational Age
Humans
Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced
Incidence
Infant*
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*
Intensive Care, Neonatal
Multivariate Analysis
Nephrocalcinosis*
Pregnancy
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors*
Sepsis
Ultrasonography
Vancomycin
Alkaline Phosphatase
Caffeine
Calcium
Citric Acid
Creatinine
Vancomycin

Reference

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