Correction of Pseudoreticulocytosis in Leukocytosis Samples Using the Sysmex XE-2100 Analyzer Depends on the Type and Number of White Blood Cells

Kim, Ahhyun; Park, Joonhong; Kim, Myungshin; Lim, Jihyang; Oh, Eun Jee; Kim, Yonggoo; Park, Yeon Joon; Han, Kyungja

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The reticulocyte count is a good marker of erythropoietic activity of the bone marrow. In the mid-1990s, automated flow cytometric analysis replaced microscopy for the quantification of reticulocytes. Leukocytosis cases with an erroneously high reticulocyte count and a high immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF) have been reported. In this study, we analyzed reticulocyte counts in leukocytosis samples, in an effort to identify a correction method.
METHODS
The study comprised of 21 samples from 16 leukocytosis patients. Results of reticulocyte analyses obtained using a XE-2100 hematology analyzer (Sysmex, Japan) were compared with those obtained using the supravital staining technique, which is a reference method. If the samples showed erroneously high reticulocyte counts and IRF, they were reanalyzed after serial dilution with isotonic solution.
RESULTS
Five samples from 4 patients showed erroneously elevated reticulocyte counts and/or IRF on the XE-2100 analyzer. They displayed abnormal reticulocyte scattergrams, with 4 of 5 cases indicated by a flag. The white blood cell (WBC) fractions overlapped with the reticulocyte regions, especially with the IRF. Diagnoses and blast counts were variable when such errors occurred; WBC counts varied from 218.19x10(9)/L to 725.14x10(9)/L. The errors were corrected by simple dilution with isotonic solution. However, the corrective WBC counts differed according to individual cases.
CONCLUSIONS
When leukocytosis samples exhibit an abnormal reticulocyte scattergram with a flag, or an abnormally high IRF, we recommend the dilution of the sample with isotonic solution to a WBC count of about 100.00x10(9)/L, followed by reanalysis of the reticulocyte count and reticulocyte scattergram.