Allergy Asthma Respir Dis.  2017 Nov;5(6):351-357. 10.4168/aard.2017.5.6.351.

Clinical characteristics and causative food types of immediate-type cow's milk and egg white allergy in children

• Lee E
• Jeong K
• Lee JY
• Min TK
• Kim M
• Yang HK
• Lee HW
• Kim J
• Ahn K
• Pyun BY
• Lee S

• KMID: 2396677
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2017.5.6.351

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the details of the clinical characteristics and food exposure types at the first symptom onset in immediate-type cow's milk allergy (CMA) and egg white allergy (EWA) in Korean children.
METHODS
This study included children with immediate-type CMA (n=288) or EWA (n=233) with symptom onset time of 2 hours or less, who visited Samsung Medical Center, Ajou University Hospital, and Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital between September 2014 and August 2015. The details of clinical features and food exposure types at the first symptom onset were evaluated by retrospective medical record review using a standardized case report form.
RESULTS
The median ages of first symptom onset were 10 months in CMA and 12 months in EWA. The most common types of exposure at the first symptom in CMA were formula milk (29.5%) and milk (29.5%), followed by cheese (17.7%) and yogurt (14.2%). The most common type of exposure in EWA was boiled eggs (35.6%), followed by rice/porridge/soup containing eggs (27.5%), pan-fried eggs (17.6%), and baked goods (9.9%). Cutaneous symptoms were most common in both CMA and EWA, and anaphylaxis was noticed in 36.1% and 30.3%, respectively. Baked goods containing milk or eggs also induced anaphylaxis. The symptom onset time was less than 30 minutes in the majority of patients and the most common place of occurrence was home in both CMA and EWA.
CONCLUSION
This study provides comprehensive information on CMA and EWA, and therefore helps clinicians diagnose and guide appropriate food restriction in children with CMA and EWA.

Keyword

Milk hypersensitivity; Egg hypersensitivity; Immediate hypersensitivity; Anaphylaxis; Child

MeSH Terms

Anaphylaxis
Cheese
Child*
Egg Hypersensitivity
Egg White*
Eggs
Humans
Hypersensitivity*
Hypersensitivity, Immediate
Medical Records
Milk Hypersensitivity
Milk*
Ovum*
Retrospective Studies
Seoul
Yogurt

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Flow-chart for case selection according to symptom onset time (≤2 hours) and diagnostic tests.

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  Fig. 2. Age distribution at the first symptom of immediate-type cow's milk allergy (A) and egg white allergy (B) in children.

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  Fig. 3. Onset time of the first symptom of immediate-type cow's milk allergy (A) and egg white allergy (B) in children.

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