Diabetes Metab J.  2016 Feb;40(1):62-69. 10.4093/dmj.2016.40.1.62.

The Association of Serum Cystatin C with Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Korean Adults

• Sim EH
• Lee HW
• Choi HJ
• Jeong DW
• Son SM
• Kang YH

• KMID: 2383316
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.1.62

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cystatin C has been known to be associated not only with early renal impairment but also with the incidence of diabetic conditions (prediabetes plus diabetes). However, it is not clear whether cystatin C levels are associated with the prevalence of diabetic conditions in Asian populations. We evaluated this association using glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels as the definition of diabetes in Korean adults.
METHODS
We analyzed data from 1,559 Korean adults (937 men and 622 women) with available serum cystatin C and HbA1c values.
RESULTS
The serum cystatin C levels in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes were significantly increased (0.91+/-0.14 mg/L in prediabetes and 0.91+/-0.17 mg/L in diabetes vs. 0.88+/-0.13 mg/L in patients with normal glucose levels, P=0.001). At increasing cystatin C levels, the prevalence of subjects with prediabetes (30.2% vs. 14.6%, P<0.001) and those with diabetes (10.6% vs. 8.0%, P<0.001) significantly increased in the group with the highest cystatin C levels. The group with the highest cystatin C levels had a significantly increased odds ratio (OR) for the presence of diabetic conditions compared to the group with the lowest values in total subjects (OR, 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54 to 3.58; P<0.001) and in women (OR, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.97 to 8.65; P<0.001), though there was no significant increase after adjusting for multiple variables.
CONCLUSIONS
Higher levels of serum cystatin C are associated with an increased prevalence of diabetic conditions in Korean adults. Our findings may extend the positive association of cystatin C with diabetes incidence to an Asian population.

Keyword

Cystatin C; Diabetes mellitus; Hemoglobin A, glycosylated; Prediabetic state

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Cystatin C*
Diabetes Mellitus
Female
Glucose
Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated*
Humans
Incidence
Male
Odds Ratio
Prediabetic State
Prevalence
Cystatin C
Glucose
Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Differences in the proportions of the subjects with (A) prediabetes and (B) diabetes among the five groups classified according to serum cystatin C levels. Serum cystatin C groups: first (<0.8 mg/L), second (0.8 mg/L), third (0.9 mg/L), fourth (1.0 mg/L), and fifth (>1.0 mg/L). aP values were calculated using the chi-square test.

• 

  Fig. 2 Correlations between serum cystatin C and HbA1c levels. (A) Total, (B) men, and (C) women.

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