Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol.  2015 Jun;8(2):97-101. 10.3342/ceo.2015.8.2.97.

The Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in the Serum and Tissue Specimens of Patients With Chronic Otitis Media

• Garca MF
• Turan M
• Avsar B
• Kalkan F
• Demir H
• Kozan A
• Bozan N

• KMID: 2360778
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3342/ceo.2015.8.2.97

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To underline the effect of oxidative stress in chronic otitis media with and without cholesteatoma and to compare the oxidative stress values in the serum and tissue specimens in these two forms.
METHODS
The study included a total of 75 individuals, 35 cases with chronic otitis media (COM; 16 females and 19 males) and a healthy control group of 40 cases (20 females and 20 males). The COM patient group was comprised of 18 patients with cholesteatoma and 17 patients without cholesteatoma. All patients underwent mastoidectomy. Serum specimens were taken prior to surgery and diseased tissue specimens from the ear were obtained during surgery from all patients. Only serum specimens were taken from the healthy control cases. The malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GHPx) were measured in the serum and tissue samples of the patient group and in the serum specimens of the control group.
RESULTS
The age ranged from 14 to 48 years in the patient group (mean age, 20.4+/-12.2 years) and from 19 to 40 years in the control group (mean age, 26.4+/-4.64 years). When the serum values of all COM patients were compared with those of the control group, in the patient group MDA, which reflects lipid peroxidation, was found to be significantly higher (P<0.01) whereas the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GHPx were found to be significantly lower (P<0.01). When the serum and tissue MDA, SOD, CAT, and GHPx values in patients with and without cholesteatoma were compared, no significant difference was found these parameters (P>0.01).
CONCLUSION
Although oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of COM with or without cholesteatoma, it may not reflect the severity of the disease. In patients with COM, the evaluation of only serum oxidative stress values without tissue evaluation may be sufficient for assessing oxidative stress.

Keyword

Otitis Media; Cholesteatoma; Oxidative Stress; Lipid Peroxidation

MeSH Terms

Animals
Catalase
Cats
Cholesteatoma
Ear
Female
Glutathione Peroxidase
Humans
Lipid Peroxidation
Malondialdehyde
Otitis Media*
Oxidative Stress*
Superoxide Dismutase
Catalase
Glutathione Peroxidase
Malondialdehyde
Superoxide Dismutase

Reference

1. Semaan MT, Megerian CA. The pathophysiology of cholesteatoma. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2006; 12. 39(6):1143–1159. PMID: 17097438.

2. Louw L. Acquired cholesteatoma pathogenesis: stepwise explanations. J Laryngol Otol. 2010; 6. 124(6):587–593. PMID: 20156369.

3. Shibosawa E, Tsutsumi K, Takakuwa T, Takahashi S. Stromal expression of matrix metalloprotease-9 in middle ear cholesteatomas. Am J Otol. 2000; 9. 21(5):621–624. PMID: 10993447.

4. Yilmaz T, Kocan EG, Besler HT, Yilmaz G, Gursel B. The role of oxidants and antioxidants in otitis media with effusion in children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004; 12. 131(6):797–803. PMID: 15577771.

5. Karlidag T, Ilhan N, Kaygusuz I, Keles E, Yalcin S. Comparison of free radicals and antioxidant enzymes in chronic otitis media with and without tympanosclerosis. Laryngoscope. 2004; 1. 114(1):85–89. PMID: 14710000.

6. Döner F, Delibas N, Dogru H, Yariktas M, Demirci M. The role of free oxygen radicals in experimental otitis media. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2002; 13(1):33–40. PMID: 12099403.

7. Aktan B, Gundogdu C, Ucuncu H, Unal B, Sutbeyaz Y, Altas S. Anti-inflammatory effect of erythromycin on histamine-induced otitis media with effusion in guinea pigs. J Laryngol Otol. 2004; 2. 118(2):97–101. PMID: 14979944.

8. Hamzei M, Ventriglia G, Hagnia M, Antonopolous A, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Dazert S, et al. Osteoclast stimulating and differentiating factors in human cholesteatoma. Laryngoscope. 2003; 3. 113(3):436–442. PMID: 12616193.

9. Chole RA, Faddis BT. Evidence for microbial biofilms in cholesteatomas. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2002; 10. 128(10):1129–1133. PMID: 12365883.

10. Peek FA, Huisman MA, Berckmans RJ, Sturk A, Van Loon J, Grote JJ. Lipopolysaccharide concentration and bone resorption in cholesteatoma. Otol Neurotol. 2003; 9. 24(5):709–713. PMID: 14501443.

11. Baysal E, Aksoy N, Kara F, Taysi S, Taskin A, Bilinc H, et al. Oxidative stress in chronic otitis media. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013; 3. 270(4):1203–1208. PMID: 22711004.

12. Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazur M, Telser J. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007; 39(1):44–84. PMID: 16978905.

13. Shukla GK, Mahajan A, Pandey S, Gujrati VR, Vrat S, Mishra SC, et al. A study of free radicals and scavenging enzyme in tonsillitis. Boll Chim Farm. 1996; 12. 135(11):653–655. PMID: 9066174.

14. Yoshioka T, Kawada K, Shimada T, Mori M. Lipid peroxidation in maternal and cord blood and protective mechanism against activated-oxygen toxicity in the blood. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979; 10. 135(3):372–376. PMID: 484629.

15. Spitz DR, Oberley LW. An assay for superoxide dismutase activity in mammalian tissue homogenates. Anal Biochem. 1989; 5. 179(1):8–18. PMID: 2547324.

16. Aebi H. Catalase. In : Bergmayer HU, editor. Methods of enzymatic analysis. 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press Inc.;1974. p. 673–677.

17. Paglia DE, Valentine WN. Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med. 1967; 7. 70(1):158–169. PMID: 6066618.

18. Babior BM. NADPH oxidase. Curr Opin Immunol. 2004; 2. 16(1):42–47. PMID: 14734109.

19. Kavak S, Garca MF, Gecit I, Meral I, Cengiz N, Demir H. Effects of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy directed at the parotid gland on oxidative stress parameters and some trace element levels in facial nerve of rats. Muscle Nerve. 2012; 4. 45(4):562–566. PMID: 22431090.

20. Aslan M, Dogan S, Kucuksayan E. Oxidative stress and potential applications of free radical scavengers in glaucoma. Redox Rep. 2013; 18(2):76–87. PMID: 23485101.

21. Soyoral YU, Aslan M, Emre H, Begenik H, Erdur FM, Turkel A, et al. Serum paraoxonase activity and oxidative stress in patients with adult nephrotic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2011; 9. 218(1):243–246. PMID: 21723555.

22. Aslan M, Cosar N, Celik H, Aksoy N, Dulger AC, Begenik H, et al. Evaluation of oxidative status in patients with hyperthyroidism. Endocrine. 2011; 10. 40(2):285–289. PMID: 21519910.

23. Aslan M, Nazligu Y, Bolukbas C, Bolukbas FF, Horoz M, Dulger AC, et al. Peripheral lymphocyte DNA damage and oxidative stress in patients with ulcerative colitis. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2011; Jul-Aug. 121(7-8):223–229. PMID: 21677607.

24. Nazligul Y, Aslan M, Horoz M, Celik Y, Dulger AC, Celik H, et al. The effect on serum myeloperoxidase activity and oxidative status of eradication treatment in patients Helicobacter pylori infected. Clin Biochem. 2011; 6. 44(8-9):647–649. PMID: 21396358.

25. Parks RR, Huang CC, Haddad J Jr. Evidence of oxygen radical injury in experimental otitis media. Laryngoscope. 1994; 11. 104(11 Pt 1):1389–1392. PMID: 7968170.

26. Shigemi H, Egashira T, Kurono Y, Mogi G. Role of superoxide dismutase in otitis media with effusion. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1998; 4. 107(4):327–331. PMID: 9557768.

27. Yariktas M, Doner F, Dogru H, Yasan H, Delibas N. The role of free oxygen radicals on the development of otitis media with effusion. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2004; 7. 68(7):889–894. PMID: 15183579.

28. Aktan B, Taysi S, Gumustekin K, Bakan N, Sutbeyaz Y. Evaluation of oxidative stress in erythrocytes of guinea pigs with experimental otitis media and effusion. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2003; Spring. 33(2):232–236. PMID: 12817629.

29. Khakimov AM, Arifov SS, Faizulaeva FN. Efficacy of antioxidant therapy in patients with acute and chronic purulent otitis media. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 1997; (5):16–19. PMID: 9432764.

30. Garcia Callejo FJ, Estors Ferrero J, Morant Ventura A, Segarra Cortes P, Velert Vila MM. Lipoperoxidation in otorrhea of the middle ear as a marker of infection: clinical application. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2000; Aug-Sep. 51(6):478–481. PMID: 11142782.