Psychiatry Investig.  2015 Jan;12(1):46-54. 10.4306/pi.2015.12.1.46.

Simultaneous Comparison of Efficacy and Tolerability of Second-Generation Antipsychotics in Schizophrenia: Mixed-Treatment Comparison Analysis Based on Head-to-Head Trial Data

• Oh GH
• Yu JC
• Choi KS
• Joo EJ
• Jeong SH

• KMID: 2316388
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4306/pi.2015.12.1.46

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Second-generation antipsychotics have been repeatedly shown to be superior to placebo. However, the comparative efficacy among these drugs has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, we used Mixed Treatment Comparison (MTC) procedures to elucidate the comparative efficacy and tolerability of second-generation antipsychotics.
METHODS
Seven antipsychotics were selected based on the availability of the relevant data. Data were gathered from a series of review article published by the Cochrane Collaboration. Six outcome measures were analyzed: 1) percentage of no clinically important response as defined by the original authors, 2) PANSS total score change from baseline to endpoint, 3) percentage of akathisia, 4) percentage of antiparkinson medication use, 5) percentage of total body weight increase more than 7%, and 6) percentage of drop-out due to any reasons.
RESULTS
All the second-generation antipsychotics included in this study showed fairly similar efficacy but widely different tolerability. In terms of efficacy, amisulpride, clozapine and olanzapine were ranked higher than aripiprazole, quetiapine and ziprasidone. Clozapine and olanzapine were superior in terms of akathisia and extrapyramidal symptom risk, but, far more prone to induce clinically important weight gain.
CONCLUSION
Using MTC methodology, we could line up the second generation antipsychotics according to their hierarchical superiority in terms of efficacy and tolerability. Though the wide overlap among the confidence intervals and the inconsistency between the direct and indirect comparison results may limit the validity of these results, it may still allow the important insights into the relative merits of the available drugs.

Keyword

Second-generation antipsychotics; Schizophrenia; Clinical trial; Meta-analysis; Mixed treatment comparison procedure

MeSH Terms

Antipsychotic Agents*
Body Weight
Clozapine
Cooperative Behavior
Outcome Assessment (Health Care)
Psychomotor Agitation
Schizophrenia*
Weight Gain
Quetiapine Fumarate
Aripiprazole
Antipsychotic Agents
Clozapine