Korean J Orthod.  2010 Oct;40(5):294-303. 10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.294.

Surface roughness analysis of ceramic bracket slots using atomic force microscope

• Park KH
• Yoon HJ
• Kim SJ
• Lee GJ
• Park HK
• Park YG

• KMID: 2273220
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.294

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to measure the surface roughness at the slot floor of various ceramic brackets.
METHODS
One kind of stainless steel bracket (Succes(R)), two kinds of monocrystalline brackets (Inspire Ice(R), Perfect(R)) and two kinds of polycrystalline brackets (Crystalline V(R), Invu(R)) were examined. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the surface roughness of each bracket. Data acquisition and processing were performed using SPIP(TM).
RESULTS
The differences in values of Sa, Sq, and Sz in Invu(R) and Inspire Ice(R) were not statistically different from the control group Succes(R). The values of Sa, Sq, and Sz of Perfect(R) and Crystalline V(R) were greater than those of Succes(R). Differences of all the Sa, Sq, and Sz values between Perfect(R) and Crystalline V(R) were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that the slot surfaces of Succes(R), Inspire Ice(R), and Invu(R) were smooth compared to those of Crystalline V(R) and Perfect(R).

Keyword

AFM; Surface roughness; Bracket slot

MeSH Terms

Ceramics
Crystallins
Floors and Floorcoverings
Microscopy, Atomic Force
Stainless Steel
Ceramics
Crystallins
Stainless Steel

Figure

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  Fig. 1 A schematic view of atomic force microscopy imaging systems.20

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  Fig. 2 Control group (A) and experimental groups (B - E). A, Succes® (Tomy); B, Inspire Ice® (Ormco); C, Perfect® (Hubit); D, Crystalline V® (Tomy); E, Invu® (TP Orthodontics).

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  Fig. 3 Direction of grinding. Bracket wings were grinded to open slot base.

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  Fig. 4 Atomic force microscope (Nanostation II™).

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  Fig. 5 Optical microscopic images of several brackets (×500). A, Succes®; B, Inspire Ice®; C, Perfect®; D, Crystalline V®; E, Invu®.

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  Fig. 6 Three-dimensional topographic images of control group (A) and experimental groups (B - E). A, Succes®; B, Inspire Ice®; C, Perfect®; D, Crystalline V®; E, Invu®.

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