Korean J Gastrointest Endosc.  2002 Apr;24(4):200-205.

Tuberculous Peritonitis Diagnosed by Laparoscopy

• Shon JH
• Kang YW
• Lee TH
• Huh KC
• Kwon DY
• Park KS
• Cho KB
• Hwang JS
• Ahn SH
• Park SK

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Tuberculous peritonitis is still a very important cause of exudative ascites in Korea. We analized the clinical features and laparoscopic findings in patients with tuberculous peritonitis diagnosed by laparoscopy.
METHODS
We studied 51 patients who had tuberculous peritonitis confirmed by laparoscopic biopsy from 1980 to 2000, in retrospective method.
RESULTS
The ratio of male to female was 1:2. The peak incidence was between 21 and 40 years of age. The mean duration of symptoms is 60 days. The most frequent chief complaints and physical findings was abdominal fullness (88.2%) and shifting dullness (94.1 %). Involvement of other organs included pulmonary tuberculosis (27.4%), cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis (3.9%). The mean ascitic fluid protein concentration was 4.9 gm/dL, mean WBC count 1,240/mm3 and lymphocyte dominant exudate 88.2%. AFB smear was positive only one patient (2.0%). Tuberculous nodules on laparoscopy were noted in all of the patients. Histolologic findings were caseating granuloma (72.6%), non-caseating granuloma (19.6%) and nonspecific inflammation (7.8%). Tissue AFB stain was positive 10 patients (19.6%).
CONCLUSIONS
Tuberculous peritonitis shows nonspecific clinical features. Therefore, laparoscopic examination with biopsy is the most useful method to make differential diagnosis of patients who are suspected tuberculous peritonitis.

Keyword

Tuberculous peritonitis; Laparoscopy

MeSH Terms

Ascites
Ascitic Fluid
Biopsy
Diagnosis, Differential
Exudates and Transudates
Female
Granuloma
Humans
Incidence
Inflammation
Korea
Laparoscopy*
Lymphocytes
Male
Peritonitis, Tuberculous*
Retrospective Studies
Tuberculosis, Lymph Node
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary