Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells within PLGA(Poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid)) Scaffold in the Nude Mouse

Yoo, Gyeol; Cho, Sung Don; Byeon, Jun Hee; Rhie, Jong Won

Abstract

PURPOSE: The object of this study was to evaluate the development of continuous osteogenic differentiation and bone formation after the subcutaneous implantation of the tissue-engineered bone, in vitro.
METHODS
Human adipose-derived stem cells were obtained by proteolytic digestion of liposuction aspirates. Adipose-derived stem cells were seeded in PLGA scaffolds after being labeled with PKH26 and cultured in osteogenic differentiation media for 1 month. The PLGA scaffolds with osteogenic stimulated adipose-derived stem cells were implanted in subcutaneous layer of four nude mice. Osteogenesis was assessed by RT-PCR for mRNA of osteopontin and bone sialoprotein(BSP), and immunohistochemistry for osteocalcin, and von Kossa staining for calcification of extracellular matrix at 1 and 2 months.
RESULTS
Implanted PLGA scaffold with adipose-derived stem cells were well vascularized, and PLGA scaffolds degraded and were substituted by host tissues. The mRNA of osteopontin and BSP was detected by RT-PCR in both osteogenic stimulation group and also osteocalcin was detected by immunohistochemistry at osteogenic stimulation 1 and 2 months, but no calcified extracellular deposit in von Kossa stain was found in all groups.
CONCLUSION
In vivo, it could also maintain the characteristics of osteogenic differentiation that adipose- derived stem cells within PLGA scaffold after stimulation of osteogenic differentiation in vitro, but there were not normal bone formation in subcutaneous area. Another important factor to consider is in vivo, heterologous environment would have negative effect on bone formation as.[p1]