Allergy Asthma Immunol Res.  2009 Oct;1(1):41-44. 10.4168/aair.2009.1.1.41.

Etiology of hemoptysis in children: a single institutional series of 40 cases

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kmaped@skku.edu
  • 2Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to determine the causes of hemoptysis in a pediatric age group.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients who were admitted to Samsung Medical Center between 1996 and 2008 with a chief complaint of hemoptysis. Patients with trauma or underlying bleeding tendency such as leukemia were excluded. Patients were divided into three groups according to age (0 to 5 yr, 6 to 10 yr, and 11 to 18 yr). The amount of hemoptysis was classified as mild (< or =20 mL/day), moderate (20-100 mL/day), or massive (>100 mL/day). Causes and duration of hemoptysis, disease course, and mortality were also investigated.
RESULTS
A total of 40 patients (18 males and 22 females) were identified. Their median age was 6.3 yr (range, 10 months to 18 yr). Twenty-five patients manifested mild hemoptysis; moderate and massive hemoptysis were found in nine and six patients, respectively. Respiratory tract infection was the most common cause of hemoptysis. Other causes included congenital heart disease, Heiner syndrome, neoplasm in the airway, vasculitis syndrome, and bronchiectasis. In most patients (87.5%), hemoptysis disappeared during medical treatment that included antibiotics or transfusion. Hemoptysis recurred in 12 patients, and the overall mortality rate was 5%.
CONCLUSIONS
The most common cause of hemoptysis in children was respiratory tract infection. Most cases had a benign course, but recurrence and mortality occurred in a minority of patients. An accurate diagnosis of the underlying etiology is essential for treatment.

Keyword

hemoptysis; children; etiology

MeSH Terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bronchiectasis
Child
Heart Diseases
Hemoptysis
Hemorrhage
Humans
Leukemia
Male
Recurrence
Respiratory Tract Infections
Retrospective Studies
Vasculitis
Anti-Bacterial Agents

Cited by  1 articles

The cause of hemoptysis according to age and the amount of hemoptysis in children
Hae Won Kwak, Hyung Young Kim, Seung Kook Son, Hye-Young Kim, Hee Ju Park
Allergy Asthma Respir Dis. 2016;4(2):114-118.    doi: 10.4168/aard.2016.4.2.114.


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