Korean J Obstet Gynecol.  2005 Dec;48(12):2835-2842.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Isolated Fetal Hydronephrosis

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea. Ohky5@eulji.ac.kr

Abstract


OBJECTIVE
Routine maternal ultrasonography has revealed a very high incidence of fetal hydronephrosis. However, there is little data available, in Korea, on the natural progress of prenatal hydronephrosis. Therefore, to help in the management of patients, the antenatal course and neonatal follow-up data of isolated fetal hydronephrosis were analyzed.
METHODS
Prenatal diagnosis, etiologies, clinical characteristics, and outcome were studied retrospectively in 77 cases of unilateral and bilateral prenatal hydronephrosis from January 2000 to March 2004. Cases were classified as mild (7 mm > or =, < or = 10 mm), moderate (10 mm >, < or = 15 mm), and, severe (15 mm >) prenatal hydronephrosis as depending on the renal pelvis anteroposterior diameter. Fisher's exact test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
The etiologies of prenatal hydronephrosis were ureteropelvic junction obstruction 45 (58.4%), vesicoureteral reflux 2 (2.6%), ureterocele 1 (1.3%), and urethra obstruction 1 (1.3%). At delivery, 18 cases were normal kidneys, and during the follow-up periods, 10 cases resolved spontaneously. Mild, moderate, and severe hydronephrosis were present in 30 (38.9%), 38 (49.4%), and 9 (11.7%) respectively. Operations were performed in 2/38 (5.3%) of moderate cases, and 7/9 (77.8%) of severe cases.
CONCLUSION
Most of prenatal hydronephrosis diagnosed by ultrasonography disappeared postnatally and the needs for postnatal operations were rare. It is suggested that hydronephrosis in the fetus or neonate dose not necessarily imply the presence of an obstructive uropathy or a significant functional abnormality and the reassurance of parents and follow up evaluation of the neonate during perinatal period may be needed.

Keyword

Hydronephrosis; Prenatal ultrasonography; Postnatal outcome

MeSH Terms

Fetus
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Hydronephrosis*
Incidence
Infant, Newborn
Kidney
Kidney Pelvis
Korea
Parents
Prenatal Diagnosis
Retrospective Studies
Ultrasonography
Ultrasonography, Prenatal
Ureterocele
Urethra
Vesico-Ureteral Reflux
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