Cardiovascular Malformation Diagnosed by Echocardiography in Neonates of Diabetic Mothers

Song, Ji Hyeun; Choi, Hee Chul; Kim, Yeo Hyang; Kim, Chun Soo; Lee, Sang Lak; Kwon, Tae Chan

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was undertaken to investigate the spectrum and the prognosis of neonate with cardiovascular malformation delivered from diabetic mothers.
METHODS
From January 2004 to December 2008, 70 neonates born to diabetic mothers who were delivered at Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, and received echocardiographic study between 3rd and 14th days of life to identify the presence of cardiac anomaly were included. Cases combined with chromosomal anomaly were excluded. And follow up results (rate of cardiac operation and mortality) were assessed.
RESULTS
Among 67 neonates, 22 cases (32.8%) had combined cardiovascular malformation. They were interventricular septal hypertrophy (10 cases), atrial septal defect (7 cases), significant patent ductus arteriosus (5 cases), ventricular septal defect (2 cases) and tetralogy of Fallot (1 case). Among them, 20 neonates (29.9%) were preterm babies, and 21 neonates (31.3%) were large babies. On follow up echocardiograpic examination between 2 and 12 months of life, all but 2 infants (received cardiac operation due to VSD or Tetralogy of Fallot) was improved spontaneously. And combined extracardiac anomalies were tracheoesophageal fistula (2 cases), imperforated anus (1 case) and corpus callosum agenesis (1 case). Only one preterm baby was dead due to necrotizing enterocolitis, but did not have cardiac disease.
CONCLUSION
Pre-existing maternal diabetes was associated with the development of neonatal cardiac anomalies, but the prognosis was good in this study.