J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2010 Oct;40(5):211-219. 10.5051/jpis.2010.40.5.211.

Effects of fibrin-binding oligopeptide on osteopromotion in rabbit calvarial defects

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea. guy@snu.ac.kr
  • 2Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive Science Major, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

PURPOSE
Fibronectin (FN) has been shown to stimulate bone regeneration in animal models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of bovine bone mineral coated with synthetic oligopeptides to enhance bone regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects.
METHODS
Oligopeptides including fibrin-binding sequences of FN repeats were synthesized on the basis of primary and tertiary human plasma FN structures. Peptide coated and uncoated bone minerals were implanted into 10 mm calvarial defects in New Zealand white rabbits, and the animals were sacrificed at 4 or 8 weeks after surgery. After specimens were prepared, histologic examination and histomorphometric analysis were performed.
RESULTS
At 4 weeks after surgery, the uncoated groups showed a limited amount of osteoid formation at the periphery of the defect and the oligopeptide coated groups showed more osteoid formation and new bone formation in the center of the defect as well as at the periphery. At 8 weeks, both sites showed increased new bone formation. However, the difference between the two sites had reduced.
CONCLUSIONS
Fibrin-binding synthetic oligopeptide derived from FN on deproteinized bovine bone enhanced new bone formation in rabbit calvarial defects at the early healing stage. This result suggests that these oligopeptides can be beneficial in reconstructing oral and maxillofacial deformities or in regenerating osseous bone defects.

Keyword

Fibrin; Fibronectins; Oligopeptides

MeSH Terms

Animals
Bone Regeneration
Congenital Abnormalities
Fibrin
Fibronectins
Humans
Minerals
Models, Animal
Oligopeptides
Osteogenesis
Plasma
Rabbits
Fibrin
Fibronectins
Minerals
Oligopeptides

Figure

  • Figure 1 Bilateral calvarial defects were created in parietal bones.

  • Figure 2 (A) Histologic view of uncoated bone group after 4 weeks. Newly formed bone was found at the periphery of the defect; however, there was little, if any, new bone formation in the central part of the defect. Arrows indicate the margin of the bone defect. (B) Histologic view of the peptide coated bone group after 4 weeks. New bone formation was obvious and observed in the central part of the defect. Arrows indicate the margin of the bone defect (H&E staining).

  • Figure 3 (A) Histologic view of the uncoated bone group at 4 weeks. Higher magnification of the area marked in Fig. 2A. A very limited amount of bone formation around the graft material is noted. (B) Histologic view of the coated bone group at 4 weeks. Higher magnification of the area marked in Fig. 2B. New bone formation was observed in the central area of the defect (H&E staining).

  • Figure 4 (A) Higher magnification of Fig. 3A. A very limited amount of immature osteoid formation around the graft material was noted. (B) Higher magnification of the area marked in Fig 3B. Osteoid formation was noted around the graft material (▸). The newly generated bone seems well integrated with the graft material (⋆) (H&E staining).

  • Figure 5 (A) Histologic view of the uncoated bone group after 8 weeks. New bone formation was noted throughout the defect. Arrows indicate the margin of the bone defect. (B) Histologic view of the peptide coated bone group after 8 weeks. New bone formation was obvious, and the defect tended to coalesce with new bone. Arrows indicate the margin of the bone defect (H&E staining).

  • Figure 6 (A) Histologic view of the uncoated bone group at 8 weeks. Higher magnification of the area marked in Fig. 5A. New bone formation was observed in the central area of the defect. (B) Histologic view of the coated bone group at 8 weeks. Higher magnification of the area marked in Fig. 5B. New bone formation was observed evenly throughout the defect with highly cellular marrow spaces, osteoids, and osteoblsts (H&E staining).

  • Figure 7 (A) Higher magnification of Fig. 6A. Multiple bony islands fill the central part of the defect (⇒). (B) Higher magnification of Fig. 6B. The grafted bone is integrated fully with the new bone (◂) and shows a more advanced stage of remodeling and consolidation (▸) (H&E staining).

  • Figure 8 Percentages of newly formed bone after implantation for different periods using histomorphometric analysis. *There was a significant difference between the peptide coated bone group and uncoated bone group at 4 weeks (P < 0.05). **There was a significant difference between the 4-week and 8-week uncoated bone group (P < 0.05).

  • Figure 9 Percentages of newly formed bone-deproteinized bovine bone contact after implantation for different periods using histomorphometric analysis. *There was a significant difference between the peptide coated bone group and uncoated bone group after 4 weeks (P < 0.05).


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