J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  2025 Apr;36(2):54-61. 10.5765/jkacap.240042.

Differences Between Stressed Parents and Their Children: A Brief Analysis on Parent-Child Depression, Stress, Aggression and Possible Roles of Digitalized Parenting Education

• Hwang H
• Min KJ
• Han DH

• KMID: 2566745
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.240042

Abstract

Objectives
Digital therapeutics are becoming increasingly important in mental health due to their numerous advantages. One area that could benefit significantly is parenting education. To address this, we developed a short-term, smartphone-based parenting education program designed to support parents who lack access to relevant resources. This study analyzed baseline data from participants to identify factors influencing depressive symptoms in both parents and children.
Methods
Participants were recruited from a rural region of the Republic of Korea. The study included parents experiencing stress related to raising children aged 11 to 16 years. Data on psychological well-being and family relationships were collected and analyzed from 47 parent-child dyads. Participants engaged with a six-week parenting education application aimed at reducing parenting stress. This article does not include an analysis of the intervention’s efficacy.
Results
The child perceived their families as more chaotic compared their parents (t=-2.55, p=0.01). Parental depression was significantly associated with their stress levels (B=0.70, p=0.004), anxiety (B=0.32, p=0.03), relational frustration (B=0.16, p=0.04), family enmeshment (B=-0.13, p=0.04) and the child’s perception of family flexibility (B=0.10, p=0.04). In contrast, children’s depression was associated with lower self-esteem (B=-0.55, p=0.02) and aggression (B=0.23, p=0.01).
Conclusion
These findings highlight the importance of individualized parenting education programs, particularly those that address the specific needs of both parents and children. Digital therapeutics hold significant potential for providing accessible, evidence-based parenting support aimed at improving mental health outcomes in families.

Keyword

Telemedicine; Parenting education; Depression