Investig Clin Urol.
2025 Mar;66(2):161-171. 10.4111/icu.20240302.
Nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance for uncomplicated cystitis in 2023: Conducted by the Korean Association of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- 2Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
- 3Department of Urology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
- 4Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- 5Department of Urology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- 6Department of Urology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
- 7Department of Urology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea
- 8Department of Urology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
- 9Department of Urology, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- 10Department of Urology, Goldman Urologic Clinic, Seoul, Korea
- KMID: 2565589
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.4111/icu.20240302
Abstract
- Purpose
This study aimed to report the results of Korean Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (KARMS) for uncomplicated cystitis (UC) in 2023.
Materials and Methods
KARMS was established for the surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections with the cooperation of Korean nationwide medical centers. Data from patients with UC have been collected in the web-based KARMS database. Demographic data, uropathogen distribution, and antimicrobial susceptibility of representative pathogens were analyzed.
Results
A total of 885 patients’ data were collected in KARMS database. The mean patient age was 56.39±18.26 years. The number of postmenopausal and recurrent cystitis were 530 (61.1%) and 102 (11.5%), respectively. Escherichia coli was the most frequently identified uropathogen (654/871, 75.1%). Regarding antimicrobial susceptibility, 94.9% were susceptible to fosfomycin, 90.5% to nitrofurantoin, 58.4% to ciprofloxacin, 83.6% to cefotaxime, and 100.0% to ertapenem. ESBL positivity was 13.7% (96/702), and significantly higher in tertiary hospital (23.1%, p<0.001), postmenopausal (15.9%, p=0.044), and recurrent cystitis (24.7%, p=0.001). Fluoroquinolone resistance was significantly higher in tertiary hospital (47.4%, p=0.001), postmenopausal (44.9%, p<0.001), and recurrent cystitis (59.8%, p<0.001). In addition, postmenopausal (odds ratio [OR] 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38–2.77, p<0.001) and recurrent cystitis (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.44–3.92, p=0.001) were associated with increased fluoroquinolone resistance.
Conclusions
These data provide information on the distribution of uropathogen and the status of antimicrobial resistance in UC of South Korea. In addition, KARMS will be a useful reference in the future through the continuous surveillance system construction over the years.
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