Obstet Gynecol Sci.  2024 Jan;67(1):101-111. 10.5468/ogs.23143.

Association between serum vitamin D status and uterine leiomyomas: a case-control study

• Okoro CC
• Ikpeze OC
• Eleje GU
• Udigwe GO
• Ezeama CO
• Ugboaja JO
• Enechukwu CI
• Umeononihu OS
• Ogabido CA
• Oguejiofor CB
• Njoku TK
• Egeonu RO
• Okafor CG
• Obiagwu HI
• Onyejiaka CC
• Obidike AB
• Onah CE
• Uzukwu I
• Okoro AD
• Ezema EC
• Ibekwe AM
• Ikechebelu JI

• KMID: 2550491
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.23143

Abstract

Objective
Uterine leiomyoma is a common gynecological condition that negatively affects women’s quality of life. Vitamin D plays an important role in tumor development and progression. However, clinical studies comparing serum vitamin D levels between women with and without uterine leiomyomas are limited and inconclusive. This study aimed to compare serum vitamin D levels in women with and without uterine leiomyomas.
Methods
This hospital-based case-control study included 150 women who visited a gynecological clinic. The cases included 75 women with uterine leiomyoma, whereas the controls included 75 age-and parity-matched participants without uterine leiomyoma. Serum vitamin D levels were measured in each participant and volumes of the uterine leiomyomas were determined using the water displacement method following myomectomy. The statistical significance was inferred at P<0.05.
Results
The mean serum vitamin D level was 15.26±4.96 ng/mL and 22.45±6.93 ng/mL for the case and control groups, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (t-value -7.302 and P<0.001). Within the fibroid group, nine (12.0%), 49 (65.33%), and 17 (22.67%) participants had vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency, respectively; and in the control group, two (2.67%), 24 (45.33%), and 39 (52.0%) participants had vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency, respectively. There was significant negative correlation between the fibroid volume and the serum vitamin D level (r=-0.591, P<0.001).
Conclusion
Women with uterine leiomyoma had lower vitamin D levels than women in the control group. Lower vitamin D levels were associated with larger fibroid masses. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation may reduce fibroid growth and development.

Keyword

Leiomyoma; Fibroid; Vitamin D; Hypovitaminosis D; Vitamin D deficiency

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Recruitment flow chart.

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  Fig. 2 Bar charts of the percentages of various vitamin D status in the cases and controls.

Reference

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