Korean J Orthod.  2023 Nov;53(6):393-401. 10.4041/kjod23.091.

Effects of 4-hexylresorcinol on facial skeletal development in growing rats: Considerations for diabetes

• Jeong H
• Kim JY
• Che X
• Choi JY
• Jang I
• Kim SG

• KMID: 2548483
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod23.091

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the long-term effects of 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR) on facial skeletal growth in growing male rats, with a focus on diabetic animal models. Methods: Forty male rats were used. Of them, type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in 20 animals by administering 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ), and they were assigned to either the STZ or 4HR-injected group (STZ/4HR group). The remaining 20 healthy rats were divided into control and 4HR groups. We administered 4HR subcutaneously at a weekly dose of 10 mg/kg until the rats were euthanized. At 16 weeks of age, whole blood was collected, and microcomputed tomography of the skull and femur was performed. Results: All craniofacial linear measurements were smaller in the STZ group than in the control group. The mandibular molar width was significantly smaller in the 4HR group than in the control group (P = 0.031) but larger in the STZ/4HR group than in the STZ group (P = 0.011). Among the diabetic animals, the STZ/4HR group exhibited significantly greater cortical bone thickness, bone mineral density, and bone volume than the STZ group. Serum testosterone levels were also significantly higher in the STZ/4HR group than in the STZ group.
Conclusions
4HR administration may have divergent effects on mandibular growth and bone mass in healthy and diabetic rats. In the context of diabetes, 4HR appears to have beneficial effects, potentially through the modulation of mitochondrial respiration.

Keyword

4-hexylresorcinol; Micro-computed tomography; Diabetes mellitus; Testosterone

Figure

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  Figure 1 Experimental design. STZ, streptozotocin; 4HR, 4- hexylresorcinol.

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  Figure 2 Linear measurements on cone-beam computed tomography images.

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  Figure 3 Serum testosterone levels. Hemolysis prevented the separation of serum in one sample from the control group and three samples each from the STZ and STZ/4HR groups. These samples weren’t included in the testosterone analysis. The control group displayed higher testosterone levels than the 4HR group, but this difference lacked statistical significance (P > 0.05). On the other hand, a marked difference was evident between the STZ group and the STZ/4HR group (**P < 0.01). STZ, streptozotocin; 4HR, 4-hexylresorcinol.

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