J Korean Biol Nurs Sci.  2023 Feb;25(1):20-31. 10.7586/jkbns.23.337.

Consistency of 1-day and 3-day average dietary intake and the relationship of dietary intake with blood glucose, hbA1c, BMI, and lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes

• Lee D
• Lee H
• Lee S
• Lee M
• Khang AR

• KMID: 2548272
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.23.337

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to determine the consistency of 1-day and 3-day average dietary intake using the 24-hour diet recall method and to investigate the relationship of diet intake with physiological indicators potentially associated with diabetic complications in patients with diabetes.
Methods
This study conducted a secondary data analysis using pretest data of a nursing intervention study entitled “Development of deep learning based AI coaching program for diabetic patients with high risk and examination of its effects (PNUH, IRB No. 05-2021-030).” Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficients using SPSS 26.0.
Results
The average total daily calorie intake over 3 days was 1,494.48±436.47 kcal/day: 1,510.90±547.76 kcal/day on the first day, 1,414.22±527.58 kcal/day on the second day, 1,558.34±645.83 kcal/day on the third day, showing significant differences (F=3.59, p=.031). The correlation coefficient between the 1-day and 3-day average dietary intake was 0.41–0.77 for each nutrient and 0.62–0.80 for each food group. Vegetable intake showed negative correlations with body mass index (BMI; r=-.19, p=.023) and triglycerides (r=-.18, p=.036), whereas dairy intake was positively associated with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL; r=-0.18, p=.034) and triglycerides (r=.40, p<.001).
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that 1-day dietary intake was highly correlated with 3-day average dietary intake using the 24-hour diet recall method. Food groups showed significant associations with physiological indicators of potential diabetic complications such as BMI, triglycerides, and LDL levels. Further studies are needed to improve the knowledge base on the relationships between physiological indicators and food groups.

Keyword

Nutrition Surveys; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Correlation of Data; Reproducibility of Results; 식이 조사; 제2형 당뇨병; 상관성; 타당도