Korean J Sports Med.  2023 Mar;41(1):36-44. 10.5763/kjsm.2023.41.1.36.

Effects of a Single Bout of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Blood Glucose Homeostasis and Exosome in Young Adults

• Kong JY
• Kang H

• KMID: 2539688
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5763/kjsm.2023.41.1.36

Abstract

Purpose
The study investigated the effects of a single bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on blood glucose homeostasis and exosome levels in young healthy adults.
Methods
A total of 20 healthy young people aged 20 to 30 years were voluntarily recruited from our local community. The subjects were randomly assigned to either HIIT or MICT.
Results
The analyses of variance with repeated measures showed that HIIT resulted in a significant treatment (before vs. after HIIT)×time (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes during oral glucose tolerance tests) interaction (F (1,9) =5.623, p=0.028) on blood glucose concentrations. HIIT resulted in significant decreases in blood glucose levels at 90 minutes (p＜ 0.05) and 120 minutes (p＜ 0.05). MICT did not result in any significant treatment×time interaction on blood glucose concentrations. Neither HIIT nor MICT resulted in any significant treatment×time interaction on blood insulin concentrations. Finally, there was a significant treatment×time interaction (F (1,19) =11.815, p＜ 0.001) in circulating exosome levels. HIIT resulted in a significant increase in exosome levels, whereas MICT did not.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the current findings suggest that HIIT would be a better strategy for improving glucose homeostasis than MICT. Yet, the underlying mechanism(s) remain to be unveiled in a future study.

Keyword

High-intensity interval training; Glucose homeostasis; Insulin resistance; Exosomes

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Overall description of study design. MICT: moderate-intensity continuous training, HIIT: high-intensity interval training.

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  Fig. 2 Effect of high-intensity interval training (A) and moderate-intensity continuous training (B) on blood glucose responses to oral glucose lading.

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  Fig. 3 Effect of high-intensity interval training (A) and moderate-intensity continuous training (B) on blood insulin responses to oral glucose lading.

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  Fig. 4 Effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on blood exosome concentrations.

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  Fig. 5 Paired t-tests with Bonferroni correction on blood exosome concentrations before and after exercise in high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training.

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  Fig. 6 Scatter plotting of changed blood exosome and changed fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations in the total study group.

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