J Bone Metab.  2022 Nov;29(4):265-269. 10.11005/jbm.2022.29.4.265.

Homogenic Evaluation for Spatial Distribution in Osteoclast Differentiation

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Public Health Administration, Hanyang Women’s University, Seoul, Korea
  • 2Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute for Hard Tissue and Bio-Tooth Regeneration, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
  • 3Laboratory of Bone Metabolism and Control, Department of Microbiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
  • 4Company of the Bone Science, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea

Abstract

Background
Cells have heterogeneous cellular diversity in size, morphology, cell cycle, metabolism, differentiation degree, and spatial distribution. The shift of specific cells towards the desired cells is crucial for maintaining uniform cellular function and can be represented by homogeneity and heterogeneity. Here, we developed a simple and direct method for evaluating the homogeneous distribution of desired cells in a constant region.
Methods
We differentiated osteoclast progenitors into bone-resorbing multinucleated giant osteoclasts in a 2-dimensional culture plate under 2 conditions. Cells were stained with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase to assess osteoclast differentiation, images were taken using a microscope and divided into sectors, and the number of osteoclasts (≥3 nuclei) in each sector was counted. To assess the homogeneity of the spatial distribution of osteoclasts, the standard deviation (SD) was calculated from the mean number of osteoclasts within each sector.
Results
From the 2 groups, a value with a SD close to 0 indicates high spatial homogeneity while a relatively high SD represents low spatial homogeneity.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that spatial homogeneity can be represented as SD.

Keyword

Cell differentiation; Homogeneity; Heterogeneity; Osteoclast; Spatial distribution
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