Korean J Sports Med.  2022 Dec;40(4):242-251. 10.5763/kjsm.2022.40.4.242.

Changes in the 24-hour Movement Behavior of Korean Adolescents before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

• Oh JW
• Kim DH
• Jin CZ
• Kim YS

• KMID: 2536675
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5763/kjsm.2022.40.4.242

Abstract

Purpose
This study was performed to analyze the changes in the 24-hour movement behavior of Korean adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, focusing on physical activity (PA) pattern.
Methods
The study used data obtained from the 15th (2019) and 16th (2020) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, targeting a total of 112,251 adolescents. For assessing the changes before and during the pandemic, complex samples cross-tabulation and logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI).
Results
During the pandemic, as compared to before the pandemic, the rate of male students who met the PA guidelines (a total of ≥60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity daily) decreased. The rate of students who met the sedentary behavior (SB) guidelines (recreational SB of ＜2 hours/day) decreased by about 50%, and there was no significant change in sleep. The OR (95% CI) for students who complied with 24-hour movement behavior guidelines was 0.69 (0.56–0.85). Conversely, the OR (95% CI) for students who were not compliant with any of the three recommendations was 1.50 (1.41–1.61). A notable finding is the rate of students who met the vigorous PA (3 days/week) decreased, but the rate of students who met the strength training (3 days/week) increased during the pandemic, which suggests the possibilities for a new trend in PA in the upcoming post-COVID-19 era.
Conclusion
Policymakers should pay attention to changes in movement behaviors observed in adolescents during the pandemic and use the current crisis as an opportunity to respond to the post-COVID-19 era.

Keyword

Exercise; Sedentary behavior; Sleep; Adolescent; COVID-19; KYRBS

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Timeline of the survey periods and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictive measures and the schooling situation.

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  Fig. 2 Proportion of Korean adolescents’ meeting the physical activity (A–C), SB (D), sleep (E) recommendations before and during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Values are percentages (weighted); p-values are calculated using Pearson chi-square test; a significant difference was considered at p<0.05. MVPA: moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity, VPA: vigorous-intensity physical activity, SB: sedentary behavior.Refer to Table 3 for the definition of each recommendation.

• 

  Fig. 3 Proportion of Korean adolescents’ meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines before and during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic; for boys (A), girls (B), and total (C). Values are percentages (weighted); p-values are calculated using Pearson chi-square test; a significant difference was considered at p<0.05. The recommendations are MVPA ≥7 days/wk (%), SB <2 hr (%), and Sleep (%). Refer to Table 3 for the definition of each recommendation.

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