Anesth Pain Med.  2021 Oct;16(4):360-367. 10.17085/apm.21001.

Ability of dynamic preload indices to predict fluid responsiveness in a high femoral-to-radial arterial pressure gradient: a retrospective study

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
  • 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 3Department of Research Affairs, Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Abstract

Background
Dynamic preload indices may predict fluid responsiveness in end-stage liver disease. However, their usefulness in patients with altered vascular compliance is uncertain. This study is the first to evaluate whether dynamic indices can reliably predict fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing liver transplantation with a high femoral-to-radial arterial pressure gradient (PG).
Methods
80 liver transplant recipients were retrospectively categorized as having a normal (n = 56) or high (n = 24, difference in systolic pressure ≥ 10 mmHg and/or mean pressure ≥ 5 mmHg) femoral-to-radial arterial PG, measured immediately after radial and femoral arterial cannulation. The ability of dynamic preload indices (stroke volume variation, pulse pressure variation [PPV], pleth variability index) to predict fluid responsiveness was assessed before the surgery. Fluid replacement of 500 ml of crystalloid solution was performed over 15 min. Fluid responsiveness was defined as ≥ 15% increase in the stroke volume index. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) indicated the prediction of fluid responsiveness.
Results
Fourteen patients in the normal, and eight in the high PG group were fluid responders. The AUCs for PPV in the normal, high PG groups and total patients were 0.702 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.553–0.851, P = 0.008), 0.633 (95% CI 0.384–0.881, P = 0.295) and 0.667 (95% CI 0.537–0.798, P = 0.012), respectively. No other index predicted fluid responsiveness.
Conclusion
PPV can be used as a dynamic index of fluid responsiveness in patients with end-stage liver disease but not in patients with altered vascular compliance.

Keyword

End stage liver disease; Fluid therapy; Hemodynamic monitoring; Liver transplantation

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Receiver-operating characteristic curves showing the ability of static and dynamic preload indices to predict an increase in stroke volume index ≥ 15% after fluid challenge. (A) Normal femoral-to-radial arterial pressure gradient group (n = 56). (B) High femoral-to-radial arterial pressure gradient group (n = 24, difference of ≥ 10 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and/or mean blood pressure ≥ 5 mmHg). (C) Whole cohort of patients (n = 80). CVP: central venous pressure, PAOP: pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure, PPV: pulse pressure variation, PVI: pleth variability index, SVV: stroke volume variation. †P<0.05.


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